Emerald Isle Solutions

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Emerald Isle Solutions

• PRE-STRESS CONDITIONING AND FOLIAR FERTILITY
  PROGRAM
• Program Details and Product Information

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Background
Research has shown that the maximum growth in
turf and roots of four creeping bentgrass
cultivars occurred in late May and early June.
Declines in turf quality, leaf area index, green
leaf biomass, and photosynthetic capacity in
those cultivars occurred in late July and August.
Along with the decline in turf quality, severe
root dieback also occurred in July and August,
especially at the surface in the top 3
centimeters of soil.   Grasses that develop
deep, viable roots systems are capable of taking
up water from the deeper soil profile and
maintaining a cooler canopy. Therefore,
management practices that promote new root growth
or slow root dieback, especially in the surface
soil, during July and August would reduce the
susceptibility of creeping bentgrass to summer
stresses.  
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Pre-Stress ConditioningWhy use a Seaplant
Extract?
Pre-Stress Conditioning Ø     Stress is a
specific response to stimuli that interfere with
the plants normal physiological equilibrium
(NPE). NPE is really how a plant functions under
optimal conditions. Ø     Optimal conditions for
cool season grasses are soil temperatures of
50-65, air, surface temperatures of 60-75, and
relatively low humidity What causes stress on the
greens? More than just the obvious. Ø     The
obvious the heat and humidity of Aug 1 10,
2001 Ø     Weather changes Ø     Excessive
rain Ø     Drought Ø     Lack of air
movement Ø     Disease Ø     Compaction Ø    
Stress is also caused by the rapid demands for
new growth caused by mowing, and the resulting
depletion of carbohydrate reserves What are the
benefits of Seaplant extract? Ø     Seaplant
extract contains every major and minor nutrient
and trace element known, it contains vitamins and
amino acids, and it contains organic plant
sugars it contains no gibberellic acid Ø    
Increased cell division and cell elongation Ø    
Increased photosynthesis Ø     Increased root
growth Ø     Increased nutrient translocation and
availability Ø     Under stress (especially high
soil temperature), turfgrass cells age and die
because of damaging oxygen molecules (just like
free radicals in humans). Recent studies at VA
Tech (plus Huang's research, especially at Kansas
State) have shown that applications of seaplant
extract can increase antioxidant levels, thereby
increasing cell life and maintaining turf growth.
"In fact, preliminary reports from the Huang lab
have supported this claim under high air and soil
temperature regimes." (Supt News, June 8, 2001)  
The SolutionCPR for Pre-Stress
Conditioning/Root Growth Ø     SeaPlant
extract Ø     SeaQuential Micro-Nutrient
package Ø     Surfactant
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Emerald Isle NutriRational Foliars
Why Foliar Feed?       Ø  Consistency in
growth Ø      In the summer, roots are, by
nature, in a cycle of decline, and close mowing
increases the rate of decline Ø      Roots under
stress are going to be very limited in their
ability to take up nutrients Ø      Foliar
feeding is capable of providing the nutrient
needs of the foliage and for supporting the root
system at the same time  How are Emerald Isle
NutriRationals Different? Ø      True
Foliars Ø      Multiple Sources Ø      High
Quality Sources Ø      SeaPlant Extract
True Foliars Ø      NutriRationals are engineered
to overcome both the size barrier and the
electrochemical gradient barrier within the
turfgrass plant Ø      Efficiency means nutrient
needs of the plant can be met with lower
fertility inputs Ø      All foliars are liquids,
but not all liquids are foliars Ø      Dont
confuse the method of application with nutrient
delivery and utilization
Multiple Sources Ø      Different forms of
nutrients and micronutrients are taken up,
transported, stored, and metabolized in different
ways Ø     These nutrients, in their basic forms,
have both strengths and weaknesses Ø     Properly
combining these nutrients in ideal ratios,
chelating and complexing with superior organic
sequestrants and other facilitators provides
superior plant response. Ø      Avoids a one
rate release
High Quality Sources Ø      Organic
chelates Ø      Food or pharmaceutical grade
Ø      No cheap, Ag-grade fertilizers Ø      Low
salt   SeaPlant Extract Ø      Increases nutrient
availability and utilization Ø      High levels
of Cytokinins promote cell division and root
growth
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True Foliars A definition
Reprinted from Turfgrass Trends, August 2001
Let's define what we mean by a true foliar
nutritional alternative.
A true foliar is designed to overcome the
numerous obstacles to foliar uptake of
traditional plant nutrients, thus allowing for
efficient utilization of all its beneficial
components. Secondly, all true foliars are
liquidsbut not all liquids are true foliars.
To qualify as a true foliar, all of the
beneficial components of the product must have
the potential to penetrate the leaf surface and
translocate within the plant overcoming
molecular size exclusion and electrochemical
gradient barriers, as well as other obstacles.
Historically, the entryway into the foliage was
through the stomates. However, as we will see,
there are inherent limitations with stomatal
openings.   In recent years, advances in
formulation chemistry have made it possible to
maximize the use of transcuticular pores as the
points of foliar entry. These submicroscopic
spaces are several orders of magnitude smaller
and vastly more numerous than stomatal openings.
If you picture a piece of turfgrass about the
size of your thumbnail (1 sq. cm.), it would have
about 20,000 stomates. In that same space there
would be 10 billion transcuticular pores. Looked
at in the other extreme, you could imagine a
gargantuan blade of turfgrass about 200 miles
long and 20 miles wide. Each of the stomates in
that space would be the size of three football
fields joined end-to-end. Each of the
transcuticular pores would be about the size of a
golf ball.   Size exclusion, then, is the first
barrier a true foliar must overcome. The
transcuticular pore spaces on the surface of the
leaf blade are the openings through which true
foliar nutrient molecules must pass to penetrate
into the turfgrass plant. Unlike stomatal
openings, which are closed more often than they
are open (see figure above) the transcuticular
pore spaces are open all the time. These pore
spaces are much more numerous but also much
smaller than stomatal openings. So the first
step in designing
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True Foliars A Definition
 
true foliar fertilizers, micronutrients and trace
elements is to make sure the molecular structures
are small enough to pass through the
transcuticular pores.   Another obstacle to be
overcome is the electrochemical gradient within
the turfgrass plant itself. Two primary forces
regulate the movement of nutrient ions in
solution one is chemical and the other is
electrical. Ions move down the chemical gradient
from a higher to a lower concentration in order
to reach equilibrium. Ions also tend to be
transported most easily against an electrical
gradient when their electronegative potential is
low.   The cell walls of living plants carry a
negative charge. Since opposite charges attract
and like charges repel, for a negatively charged
ion such as nitrate (NO3) to cross the cell wall
and move into plant cells where nitrate
concentrations are higher, additional energy must
be expended by the plant to overcome the
electrochemical gradient. It's as if the nitrate
ion is swimming against the current and so the
plant must expend more energy. This is referred
to as active transport. Positively charged
species such as ammonium ions (NH4) are
generally taken up by passive transport, which
requires no additional energy expenditure by the
plant. (There are some notable exceptions to the
active/passive transport rules. Potassium (K),
for example, is taken up by active transport at
low K concentrations and only transported
passively at high K concentrations.)   The
best-designed true foliars sidestep the obstacles
of chemical and electrical gradients by packing a
powerful nutrient punch into a formulation made
up of neutral or only partially charged species.
These special nutrient forms are then secured in
a non-traditional matrix that protects the
nutrient species, minimizes the potential for
leaching and volatilization, and enhances uptake
and utilization of the beneficial components of
the formula.
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Top 10 Reasons to use NutriRational Foliars and
CPR
Independent University Research has demonstrated
significant benefits from using CPR and Emerald
Isle NutriRationals in a regularly applied foliar
program. These benefits include the
following   1)     Increase turf quality and
density 2)     Increase root mass and
depth 3)     Increase stress tolerance 4)    
Reduce thatch accumulation 5)     Increase
nutrient absorption 6)    Reduce clipping removal
and loss of applied fertilizer 7)   
Reduce nutrient leaching 8)    Increase
photosynthesis and photochemical
efficiency 9)     Increase disease
resistance 10) Reduce potential for diseases
associated with excess N     Make Sure
your products are backed by Research Put Science
on Your Side      
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Pre-Stress Conditioning and Foliar Fertility
Program
PRODUCT RATE/ACRE DESCRIPTION BENEFITS

CPR 2 gals
Biostimulant Increased cell division and color
NutriRational N 1 gal True
Foliar N Consistent growth, color NutriRational
K 1 gal True Foliar K Increased
root growth   NutriRational Si 1 gal
True Foliar Si Leaf turgidity, disease
resistance
The above program, applied bi-weekly, provides a
1-0-1 analysis for greater stress and disease
tolerance and root growth, and consistent growth
with excellent turf quality and color. All four
products contain our proprietary seaplant
extract, high in cytokinins for increased cell
division. The NutriRationals provide True Foliar
technologynutrients are absorbed directly into
the leaf tissue and are not dependent on root
uptake. The NutriRationals also provide multiple
sources of chelated nutrients for more effective
translocation and utilization.   Add
NutriRational Foliar Ca if tissue and soil tests
indicate the need for additional Calcium.   All
of the above can be tank mixed with Primo.
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MILLIKEN TURF PRODUCTS FOLIAR FERTILITY PROGRAM
ANALYSIS