Ancient Mesopotamian Music

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Ancient Mesopotamian Music
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Idiophones

• KRATAL rattle
• URUDU NIG-KAL-GA large copper or bronze bell

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KRATEL (?)
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URUDU NIG-KAL-GA
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Membranophones

• UB Akk. uppu drum
• SU UB drum made from skin, leather
• UB-ZABAR drum made of bronze
• BALAG Akk., Ass. balaggu, balangu,
  palagga, pelaggu drum made from two
  skulls, hourglass drum
• BALAG-DI Akk. tumbuttu, timbputu smaller
  version of BALAG
• DUB drumhead made of copper

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• A-LA / SU A-LA giant suspended drum
• LILIS Akk. lilissu large (stationary) and
  small (processional) goblet drums
• AD-A-PA Akk. adapu timbrel with rectangular
  frame and two skin-heads
• su ME-ZE Akk. mezu, manzu tambourine with
  one head

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BALAG-DI
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A-LA / SU A-LA
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LILIS
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AD-A-PA
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su ME-ZE
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Aerophones

• TI-GI Akad. tigu, tegu vertically held
  reed
• KA-GI mouth reed
• IMIN-E TI-GI seven note reed
• GI-GID / GI-BU/ GIS-SIR long reed
• GI-DIM large reed
• NA Akad. nabu single beating reed (cf.
  clarinet)
• GI-ER-RA / GI-IR-RA lament

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• SHEM Akk. halhallatu double pipe
• GIS HAR-HAR double pipe made of wood
• KITMU Akk. katamu reed covered by cap of
  rush, gourd, wood or horn
• PITU curved single beating reed
• DUN-GI GU bent pipe
• PULLU / MEKKU / KIZALLU military trumpets

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• SIM / SI-IM / SI-IM-DA / SI-IM-DU blowing horn
• KARAN war trumpets

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TI-GI
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SHEM
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SIM / SI-IM / SI-IM-DA / SI-IM-DU
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Chordophones

• AL harp
• GIS ZAG-SAL cross-string harp
• GIS MIRITU little harp
• GIS SABITU seven-stringed harp
• GIS PAN-TAG-GA bow-shaped harp
• LU GIS PAN-TAG-GA to hit or strike the GIS
  PAN-TAG-GA

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• HUL SI-SA upright harp
• GIS AL-GAR lyre
• SINNITU lute
• SA-LI-NE-LU psaltery

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GIS PAN-TAG-GA
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HUL SI-SA
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GIS AL-GAR
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SINNITU
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