Developmental Implications and Programming

1
Developmental Implications and Programming

• What is human development?
• Why is knowledge of human development important?

2
Piagets Theory on Cognitive Development

• Knowledge is constructed over time
• Knowledge impacts how people deal with situations
• Knowledge is developed thru interaction with the
  environment
• 4 stages of development

3
Sensorimotor Intelligence Stage

• Birth 24 months
• Learning through reflexes and exploration (5
  senses)
• Learn through repetition
• Object permanence
• Intentional acts are required to achieve a goal

4
Preoperational Stage

• 2-6 years
• Learn to use language
• Problems with some constructs
• Egocentric everyone sees things as they do
• Sharing is a problem
• Make up rules as they go
• Limited ability to reason

5
Concrete Operations Stage

• 7-11 years
• Learn abstract notions logical reasoning
• Can handle multiple tasks/directions
• Leadership impact
• Complex rules
• Can assign tasks
• Use sophisticated behavior management tools

6
Formal Operations Stage

• 11 years
• Skills in this stage not complete until age 16
• Problem solving capabilities
• Ability to wonder what would happen if
• Like novelty
• Leader may engage them in decision making,
  conflict management, development of new games

7
Life Stages Age Groups

• In generalpeople in similar age groups are in
  similar developmental stages
• Have similar mental, physical, social emotional
  capabilities

8
Major Theoretical Perspectives on Human
Development

• Psychodynamic
• Freud, Erikson
• Learning
• Watson, Skinner, Bandura
• Cognitive
• Piaget, Kohlberg

• Ecological Systems
• Bronfenbrenner, Lawton Nahemow
• Lifespan
• Baltes
• Moral
• Kohlberg, Gilligan

9
4 Life Stages

• Physical development
• Energy growth
• Fine gross motor skills
• Activity preference
• Physical coordination

• Cognitive development
• Ability to think abstractly
• Academic achievement
• Reasoning logic
• Limitations in mental ability

10
4 Life Stages

• Socioemotional development
• Relationships with others
• Fears, worries moods

• Moral development
• How people make decisions
• How they define right and wrong

11
Your Task

• Middle childhood (5 7 years)
• Older childhood (8 11 years)
• Early adolescence (12 - 14 years)
• Adolescence (15 - 17 years)
• Young adulthood (18 - 25 years)
• Middle adulthood (26 - 40 years)
• Older adulthood (41 - 60 years)
• Seniors (61 - 74 years)

12
Your Task

• Define
• Characteristics specific to age groups
• What it means for leaders
• Challenges, considerations
• You have two hours with a specific age group and
  their visit to TAMU, what might you do with your
  specific group?
• What are good games/activities/pursuits for this
  group
• What are poor games/activities/pursuits for this
  group
• Be prepared to explain why you chose what you
  chose