Global Disaster Reduction and the Comprehensive Scientific System for Disaster Mitigation

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Global Disaster Reduction and the Comprehensive
Scientific System for Disaster Mitigation
20th CODATA International Conference

• Wang Ang-Sheng
• The Center of Disaster Reduction, Chinese Academy
  of Sciences

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Contents

• Introduction
• 1. Natural Disasters in the world
• 2.Comprehensive Scientific System for Disaster
  Mitigation and Reduction
• 3. China Modern Setup onDisaster Reduction
• 4. The Strategies suggestion
• Conclusion

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1. Natural Disasters in the world

• A. The Unusual Huge Tsunami in
• Indian Ocean
• B. Hurricane Katrina hit USA
• C. Disaster in the World
• D. Disaster in China.

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• A. The Unusual Huge Tsunami
• in Indian Ocean

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The unusual huge tsunami

• The unusual huge tsunami caused by the 26
  December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake has
  resulted in about 300 thousand deaths and much
  economic loss.
• The event instantly shocked the whole world.
• Governments and ordinary people then began
  considering how to unite the whole world so as to
  deal with serious disasters.

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Natural Disaster in GLOBLE

• Tsunami in Indian Ocean
• At 07 58 55.2 (local time) on 26 December 2004
• a tremendous earthquake at 9.0 magnitude
• northwest bay of Sumatra Island of Indonesia
  (3.9 N, 95.5E)
• total fatality will over 300,000

(Latief and Triyoso)
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• 2004-12-26 12-27 12-28 12-29
  12-31 2005-1-3 1-20 2-4

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• B. Hurricane Katrina hit USA

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Hurricane Katrina hit USA

• From 29 August to 3 September,2005,Hurrican
  e Katrina hit USA and made another world shaking
  catastrophic event in the World. The damages
  exceeded US 100 billion and 1,417 people were
  killed.

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Hurricane Katrina hit USA

• It shocked all world again, for USA is the
  nation with the most advanced economy and
  science-technology in the world however suffers
  so great damage.
• Hurricane Katrina let all people again
  ponder over how we could make disaster prevention
  and reduction.

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Satellite Image of Hurricane Katrina on
August 28, 2005
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People move before Katrina coming
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People move before Katrina coming
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Hurricane Katrina Hit USA on August 29, 2005
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Hurricane Katrina Coming
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Fierce Wind
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Fierce Wind
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Flood
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Flood
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People Collect in SuperDome
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City in Flood
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USA President Bush inspect damage by Hurricane
Katrina
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People sleep in SuperDome
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City in Flood
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C. Disaster in the World
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1.1 We are facing severe natural disasters
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1995
1923
Japan Earthquake
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Hurricane Disaster
Date 25 Oct. to 8 Nov., 1998 PlaceCentral
American, Hurricane Mitch Dead 9200 Loss 5500
mill US
Date August, 1992 Place Southeast USA,
Hurricane Andrew Dead 62 Loss 30 bill US
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2002 winter storm hit Germany
1998 Ice storm covered Canada
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1999 worst flood catastrophe of Mexico
2003 Drought disaster occurred in India
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2003 waterspout in Cyprus
2002 summer Flood in Europe
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Major Disasters in the World

• According to the Statistics from 1950 to
  1999,
• all kinds of sudden natural disasters
  (excluding
• drought) have resulted in
• A death toll of up to 1,400,000
• Economic losses up to 960 billion US .

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Frequency Death Toll
Economic Loss

All kinds of sudden natural disasters

• Storms 38 45
  28
• _ Earthquakes 29 47
  35
• Floods 27 7
  30
• Others 6 1
  7
• (Storms including tsunamis, typhoons, storm
  tides, etc.)

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Insured and Uninsured Losses from Natural
Disasters (US Billions)
????(10?US) ????(10?US)
Source Swiss Re
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Economic Losses in the World

• Losses (Bill US) Insure (Bill
  US)
• 50-60th 5
  1
• 70-80th 18
  3
• 90th 45
  12
• 21Centenary 80
  25

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Fiscal and Economic Effects of Disasters
Uninsured Economic Loss as of GDP and
Government Revenues
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• D. Disaster in China

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TangShan Earthquake In China
July 28,1976
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1998 Flood in Tonting Like
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1998 Flood in SonHuaJiang
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1999 Earthquake in Taiwan
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Snow Disaster in Tibet
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1987 Forest Fire in Daxinanling
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1994 Drought in Northern China
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No.17 of 1994 Typhoon
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Landslide Disasters in Three Gorges
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Xintan Landslide
????
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Geologic Disaster
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Insect Pest
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Mouse Disasters
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2.Comprehensive Scientific System for Disaster
Mitigation and Reduction

• A. The Plan of Comprehensive
• Scientific System for Disaster
• Mitigation
• B. Disaster Reduction System for
• Typhoon and Heavy Rain
• C. China Comprehensive Scientific
• System of Disaster Reduction.

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A .The Plan of Comprehensive Scientific System
for Disaster Mitigation
a. The plan on 1975 b.The plan on 1990 c.The
Plan of Satellite for Disaster Reduction
(1992) d.The Plan of Setup for all China
on Disaster Reduction (1998).
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1990
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1992
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1998
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B. Disaster Reduction System for Typhoon and
Heavy Rain

• a. Forecasting System
• b. Warning System
• c. Information System
• d. Comprehensive Database
• e. Disaster Assessment System
• f. Local Responding System.

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Forecasting and Warning System of Typhoon and
Heavy Rain
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Information System of Disaster Reduction
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Synthetic Database of Disaster Reduction on
Typhoon and Heavy Rain
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???? ?? ?? ??????
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Local Responding System.
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Disaster Assessment System
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C. China Comprehensive Scientific System of
Disaster Reduction

• a. China Center of Disaster Reduction
• b. China Scientific System
• (a). Disaster background
• (b). The Factor which make disaster
• (c). Disaster situation
• (d). Disaster assessment
• etc.

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China Center of Disaster Reduction
???????????????????????
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Synthetic Database
??????????????????
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Conference TV
???????????
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Information System
???????????
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China Scientific System for Disaster Reduction
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• (a). Disaster background

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• (b). The Factor
• which make disaster

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?????????
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• (c). Disaster situation

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• (d). Disaster assessment

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DROUGHT MONITORING CHART BY REMOTE SENSING IN
1989
CDR,CAS
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DROUGHT-STRIKEN AREA OF FARMLAND IN 1989
CDR,CAS
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3. China Modern Setup onDisaster Reduction

• A. Satellite and Airplane Systems
• B . Atmospheric, Oceanic Earthquake etc.
• Systems
• C. Safety, Disaster Reduction, and Emerging
• Responding Systems
• D. Modern Study Systems on Disaster
• Reduction
• etc.

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• A. Satellite and Airplane Systems

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• B . Atmospheric, Oceanic,
• Earthquake etc. Systems

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Tidal Gauge Stations, SOA
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????????????
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????--??--????
1. ???? 2,633 ???
957 ???
400 ????? 2. ???? 3,172 ???
15,368 ???
1,149 ???
13,648 ???? 3. ???? 1,300
????? 4. ???? 104 ????? 5.
???? 1,900 ?????? 6. ????
1,898 ????? 7. ???? 6,132
????? ???
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• C. Safety, Disaster Reduction, and Emerging
  Responding
• Systems

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911, 2001 in USA
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• D. Modern Study Systems on
• Disaster Reduction

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Hourly (Low) reflectivity and z 5 km winds (47
72 h)
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10?04?23?52?
10?5?22?08?
10?6?01?32?
10?6?7?32?
10?6?23?42?
9914????????
10?7?13?32?
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????????????
0712 UTC
AMSU??
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0800 UTC
0812 UTC
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????
????
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??????? Fine domain ??????
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Numerical Simulation of typhoon
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http//www.cdrcas.com /
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http//www.cdrcas.com /
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4. The Strategies suggestion

• A. From disaster relief into disaster
  prevention
• B. To suggest to set up a World Disaster
  Reduction Organization (WDRO)
• C. To set up primary programs of global
  comprehensive disaster reduction
• etc.

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Prof. Wang Ang-Sheng Awarded UN Award of
Disaster Reduction ----The highest Award on
Disaster Reduction in the World(1998).
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A. From disaster relief into disaster
prevention

• Turn the current strategy that is mainly
  based on disaster relief into a strategy mainly
  based on disaster prevention.

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B. To suggest to set up a World Disaster
Reduction Organization

• Set up a powerful general disaster
  surveillance and prevention organization at the
  world level.
• Although there are many international
  organizations who have been participating in
  disaster prevention and reduction work for a long
  time under the leadership of the UN, such as
  ISDR, UNDP, WMO, UNESCO, WB, WHO etc , and who
  achieve great successes, some problems still
  exist.

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• For example, as a result of insufficient
  staff and funds shortages in the ISDR Secretariat
  it is difficult for the organization to be
  responsible for the management of disaster
  reduction as a whole.
• Other organizations, have many individual
  tasks, these organizations may participate in
  disaster reduction work, but do not have the
  capacity to concentrate specifically on disaster
  reduction.

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• Hence, there is no completely responsible
  and authoritative organization in the UN to
  coordinate the work of natural disaster
  surveillance and prevention from the countries of
  the world, such as the WTO managing international
  trade or the WB managing international finance.

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• We suggest that,
• 1. Relying on national disaster reduction
  committees ( or leading groups) established
  already in more than 140 countries and areas in
  the world
• 2. Taking ISDR and other UN (WMO, WB, WHO and
  so on.) organizations as bases
• To set up a World Disaster Reduction
  Organization (WDRO) , or a responding
  organization.

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• As headquarters to be responsible for the
  construction and operation of international
  severe disaster warning systems and to coordinate
  the countries of the world in disaster
  surveillance and prevention with a united force,
  in the same manner as the WTO, WB, WMO, and WHO.
  At the same time, we promote the establishment
  and perfection of national integrated disaster
  reduction organizations in the countries of the
  world.

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C. To set up primary programs of global
comprehensive disaster reduction

• By coordination and consultation between WDRO
  and corresponding organizations such as the WB,
  WMO, UNESCO, etc., we seek to gradually set up
  primary programs of global comprehensive disaster
  reduction, and to encourage and promote
  governments in various countries and continents
  to set up national and regional major programs of
  comprehensive disaster reduction, so as to
  actually push forward disaster reduction work
  globally.

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Thank You !

• ?? !