Relationship between Colonies and Britain after FI War

1
Relationship between Colonies and Britain after
F/I War

• Proclamation of 1763
• GB keep colonists on coast, no conflict with
  Native Americans, control fur trade
• Colonists land taken away, limits on their
  freedoms
• Britain keeps 10,000 troops in America
• GB desperate for revenue colonists should pay
  for the F/I War

2
George Grenville

• Control smugglers
• Colonists often innocent of this charge
• Vice-admiralty courts
• Writs of assistance
• Sugar Act
• Stamp Act
• Quartering Act

3
Opposition

• Stamp Act taxed colonists without their consent,
  they were taxed directly
• Patrick Henry
• VA resolution
• Sam Adams Sons of Liberty
• Stamp Act Congress
• Boycott
• Non-importation

4
Britain gives in, then passes another act(s)

• Repeal the stamp act
• The same day, Declaratory Acts are passed
• Townshend Acts

5
Colonial Unity

• Daughters of Liberty
• Angry Bostonians
• Redcoats in center of city
• Rude soldiers, violent
• Soldiers were poor, stole from shops, fought with
  colonials who taunted them
• Eventually compete for jobs

6
Boston Massacre

• Townspeople pick up weapons sticks, stones,
  shovels, clubs
• Crowd throws stones, snowballs, oyster shells,
  pieces of wood
• Dare the soldiers to fire
• Several shots, 5 colonists die

7
Effects of the Massacre

• Propaganda
• Stronger boycott of British goods
• Parliament repeals all taxes except tea
• Trade with Britain again
• Committee of Correspondence

8
Tea Act

• Passed by Parliament
• East India Company bypass colonial merchants
  (avoid taxes) and sell tea directly to
  shopkeepers
• Britain has favorable advantage over the
  colonists
• Pamphlets issued in Boston and New York
• Colonists forced ships carrying tea to turn around

9
Boston

• Royal governor refused to let ships turn back
• Boston Tea Party
• People still believe they are part of Britain

10
Reaction to Tea Party

• King George III passes Coercive Acts
• Punishments for people of Mass.
• Close Boston harbor
• Colonists pay for ruined tea
• No arrival of food or supplies from ships
• Banned town meetings
• British officers tried in Britain
• Colonists shelter British soldiers in homes
• These are INTOLERABLE

11
Continental Congress

• Need to do more than boycotts!!
• Establish a political body to represent American
  interests
• Want GB to repeal 13 Acts placed upon them
• Boycott all British goods
• Militia formed in Boston

12
British Troops Arrive

• New England is in a state of rebellion
• Sir Thomas Gage in charge of troops around Boston
• Instructed to take away colonial weapons
• Storage in Concord

13
Alert the Colonists, Fighting

• Dr. Warren makes Paul Revere and William Dawes
  aware of unusual British activity
• Redcoats approach Lexington
• 70 minutemen alerted by Revere
• Shot fired, both sides exchange bullets
• British continue to march to Concord

14
Fighting Continues

• From Concord to Boston, roadside attacks
  continued against British troops
• Farmers, blacksmiths, saddle makers shot at the
  British
• 73 redcoats died by the time they reach Boston,
  174 injured
• Ralph Emerson creates hymn, shot heard round the
  world

15
Colonial Forces

• Committees of Correspondence sent out calls for
  militias to be formed
• Soon 20,000 in Boston!
• Bunker Hill Breeds Hill
• Militia men set up fortifications
• British cross harbor, assemble at bottom of
  Breeds Hill
• Americans hold them off, but run out of
  ammunition and retreat
• British win battle

16
Choose Sides

• Join rebels or remain loyal to Britain?
• Loyalists
• Unfair taxes not good reason for rebellion
• Some lived in isolated areas unaware of events
• Patriots
• Determined to fight until independence was won!

17
Second Continental Congress

• Began to govern the colonies
• Printing of money, post office
• Continental army created
• GW in charge
• Britain offered one last chance to avoid war, the
  Olive Branch Petition (just protect the rights of
  the colonists)

18
Colonies Take Offensive

• Find out British will attack NY
• Patriot force captures Montreal but fail to
  capture Quebec
• GW shapes large army in Boston
• Force British out of Boston

19
Independence

• Thomas Paine common sense stop following
  royal tribute!
• Jefferson writes the Declaration
• Copies sent to the states, troops are made aware

20
The Declaration

• Govt exists to protect citizens rights
• List of grievances against King George