The Global View Eric Donovan

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The Global ViewEric Donovan

• Networks and Chains
• of the 36 submissions, at least 18 make mention
  of the need for global and regional scale
  networks.s
• issues that were highlighted were globalization
  (see DASI discussion below), enhanced
  spatio-temporal resolution, observing across
  multiple scales, three dimensional measurements
  etc
• for example the figure at right shows the
  stratospheric vortex inferred from meteorological
  reanalysis (radiosonde) data - a future possible
  network of Lidars would provide a synoptic time
  evolving view and shed light on vortex dynamics
  and variability.

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The Global ViewEric Donovan

• Implementation Challenges and Paradigm Shifts
• What new Class I facilities need to be
  implemented?
• Off the shelf technologies are revolutionizing
  many aspects of what we do - cheap reliable
  digital imagers, instruments, magnetometers,
  telemetry systems, computers, etc are making
  things easy and cheap that were impossible just a
  decade ago (at right existing communication
  technology is being modified to act as an ISR tx
• Using equipment deployed for other non-scientific
  reasons to carry out innovative new observations
  - for example GPS arrays are now utilized to
  probe TEC, water vapour content, etc
• What role do focussed airborne campaigns play in
  the current and future context - ie., what is the
  impact of bringing an airborne Class I instrument
  to the fore.

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Facilitating CEDAR Frontiers DASIEric Donovan

• It is inevitable that
• there will be a proliferation of ground-based
  geospace instrumentation
• it will become easier to retrieve the data from
  these in real time
• it will become easier to have higher resolution
  data than the real time operation affords
• it will become easier to integrate data from
  disparate sources, programs, instruments, etc.
• all of this will become increasingly
  international if not it will not be competitive
  
• in developing a global initiative called DASI
  there will be a lot we can draw on

• In collaboration with other agencies - NSF should
  sponsor activities that
• clarify the science objectives for DASI -gt what
  questions are we trying to address?
• differentiate between large facilities and DASI
  stations (nested capabilities)
• from 1 2 establish complements of different
  classes of DASI stations
• establish what is already out there (capacity
  surveys)
• develop protocols for managing DASI station
  network
• develop protocols for managing the DASI data
• implement DASI Phase I (Proto-DASI)

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Look to Other Examples

• There must be many, but an obvious analogy is the
  ARGOS project
• thousands of autonomous buoys that drift around
  the ocean
• each is identical
• each undergoes cycles that probe
  salinity/temperature profiles
• the drifting of these buoys is interesting in and
  of itself
• the US funded the lions share of the buoys, but
  many other countries have contributed
• other nations have contributed to design, data
  management, etc

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What do we have to build on?

• There are facilities and programs all over the
  world
• Networks of small instruments CGSM, MIRACLE,
  UNIS, AGI, AUGO, MEASURE, MERIDIAN, THEMIS GBO,
  InterMagnet, SuperDARN, etc. etc.
• Large multi-instrument observatories at the
  location of large facilities Poker Flat,
  Resolute Bay, Sondrestrom, Tromso, Millstone,
  South Pole Station, SuperDARN sites, etc. etc.
• The growing network of virtual observatories
  VMO/G, VMO/U, VITMO, VSO, VSPO, SPIDR, GAIA,
  Gloria, etc. etc.

• Each nation should sponsor an inventory of
  capacity
• What instruments are out there?
• Where is data available?
• What is likely to come in the near future?

• Note that capacity surveys have been carried out
  in the past not to much avail why?
• The output of these surveys has not been in a
  uniform format and generally these have not been
  incorporated into relational databases
• The big carrot has not been there if a big
  player (ie., NSF or equivalent agency) gets going
  on DASI the rest of the world will follow they
  will have to!

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For Example
Existing Ground-Based Instrumentation
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For Example
THEMIS GBO Program as a DASI Microcosm
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For Example
GeoSpace Data Environment
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Concrete Steps

• So what should we do DASI Phase I Towards the
  next Solar Maximum
• brainstorm on what expertise and knowledge is
  needed to make DASI happen with this in mind
  establish a Proto-DASI (2 or 3 country) steering
  committee
• host two DASI (international) science workshops
  choose five grand challenge themes
• use the outcome of (2) to establish requirements
  for DASI sites (instrument complement), using
  input from (international) white papers such as
  CEDAR community reports
• devote resources to developing a web accessible
  data base for capacity surveys
• carry out the capacity surveys make them
  complete, searchable, useable, and updatable
• devote resources to the evolving (international)
  geospace data environment - ensure that data from
  DASI instruments are readily available via the
  growing network of VxOs
• pick two grand challenges that can be addressed
  with a continent-scale northern hemisphere (2 or
  3 country) plasmasphere to polar cap DASI Phase I
  array (see below)
• use outputs of (3) (5) to determine what we can
  add to what we have by 2010 (examples may be
  StormDARN, CHAIN, passive radars, GPs mag array
  enhancements, etc.)
• engage Canadian US instrument teams, modellers,
  data assimilation experts, and of course funding
  agencies (NSF, NASA, CSA, NSERC, etc) and
  implement enhancements established in (8)

Move soon towards DASI Phase II Establish a
Global Network of Small Instruments
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CEDAR Frontiers

• DASI is a tool A series of CEDAR campaigns
  would target grand challenge questions... Here
  are some examples culled from the 36 submissions
• What is the role of the ionosphere in supplying
  plasma to the magnetosphere and what are the
  consequences for global dynamics (e.g., ISRs and
  ASIs)
• Are noctilucent clouds an indicator of global
  change do we know their behaviour in the
  existing climate system well enough to use them
  as the canary in the coalmine (e.g., lidar
  and optical imaging networks)
• Role of small-scale vertical transport in the
  global dynamic - a DASI network ill allow
  multi-point true 3-D measurements (e.g., FPI ,
  and meteor radar networks).
• Understanding the underlying physics for
  meso-scale ionospheric structure (e.g., GPS,
  Ionosonde, ASI, etc.)
• Impact of high-energy precipitation on
  atmospheric composition (e.g., riometers, lidars,
  ionosondes, ISRs, etc.)

There are more themes suggested in the 36
submissions
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Concrete Steps

• DASI
• is not yet a program it is the encapsulation of
  an opportunity
• is more about protocols than hardware an
  effective DASI ethos will maximize the impact
  of the now disparate global ground-based efforts
• must be international or it will not work that
  means that now in the formative stages while the
  country that puts resources to DASI gets to lead,
  the global community must be engaged
• needs to be made into a program with some funding
  to create new resources that reinforce the DASI
  ethos (ie., VxOs, infrastructure for
  multi-instrument sites, software to support
  satellite and land-line internet telemetry, new
  instruments NOT on top of existing instruments,
  etc.)
• (4) needs to happen now establish a steering
  committee, hold the international workshops,
  engage partners, carry out North American
  Prot-DASI, etc.
• is not everything observational campaigns,
  dense networks of multi-instrument stations,
  Class I facilities, etc are and will remain
  essential done right DASI would be like GOES,
  DMSP, or LANL larger in impact than one
  satellite but nevertheless part of a larger whole
• Must be adopted by a formal organization
  someone needs to take ownership of DASI now

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For Example
Ground-Based Instrumentation in North America
UC Berkeley U Calgary U Saskatchewan EISCAT U
Tromso FMI DMI SRI Astronomy North Lancaster U