WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SHETLAND

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WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SHETLAND
Presentation to SEPA Study Tour 11 March 2008
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CONTENTS

• Energy Recovery Plant
• District Heating
• Strategic considerations
• Conclusions.

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WHERE ARE WE ?
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WHY ENERGY FROM WASTE ?

• Planning started in 1992
• Existing incinerator in operation
• Proximity/Self Sufficient/ Hierarchy
• Support local industry
• Orkney had similar needs.

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OLD INCINERATOR
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DESIGN CRITERIA

• Annual throughput of 26,000 T _at_ 9.5 MJ/kg
• 8,000 Orkney
• 3,000 Offshore
• 15,000 Shetland
• Energy recovery
• Meet existing and future emission standards.
• Availability Guarantees
• Proven Technology
• Fluidised Bed
• Rotary/Oscillating kiln
• Moving Grate

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WHAT DID WE GET ?

• Annual throughput of 22,000 T _at_ 11.3 MJ/kg
• Operates at 3 T/Hour - Output 6.8 MW
• 24 hours/day
• 7,800 hours/year
• Energy recovery for district heating
• Established moving grate design
• Advanced gas cleaning process
• Meets all existing and future emission standards.

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CONSTRUCTION
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HOW DOES IT WORK ?
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FURNACE CONTROL MEASURES
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OPERATION

• Plant employs 19 staff
• Operates 24hrs a day,325 days a year
• 2 main shut downs for maintenance per year
• 5 Shifts on 12 hour pattern
• EMS - ISO 9001 14001

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PLANT PERFORMANCE

• Availability 7800 hrs
• Emission Standards No Breaches
• Average Output (MW) average 6.5 Mw
• Throughput of Waste - 22000
• Efficiency - 79.

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EMISSION STANDARDS
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RESIDUES

• Annual Throughput - 22,000 Tonnes
• Material Annual TonnageBottom
  Ash - 5150Fly Ash - 385Bag Filter -
  60Filter cake - 110Metal - 300
• Weight Reduction 75.

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COSTS

• Plant Capital - 10M
• Annual operating costs - 1.79M
• Annual throughput - 22,000 Tonnes
• Breakeven gate price - 81/T

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INCOME FLOW
10M
12M
Profits to Charitable Trust
Sell Heat
Compensationfor excessive downtime
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LERWICK DISTRICT HEATING SCHEME

• Neville Martin
• Manager

Shetland Heat Energy and Power Ltd
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LERWICK
Population 8000
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INFRASTRUCTURE
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HOW DOES DISTRICT HEATING WORK?
Radiators
Mains water heated instantaneously to taps
External reading by RADIO MODULE
METER (measuring heat taken out in kWh) and valves
Supply (95C) and Return Pipes (under 55C)
Heat Exchangers with pump for radiators

• For large buildings heat exchangers can take less
  than 20 of space of a conventional boiler

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APPLICATIONS
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CUSTOMERS

• 850 customers connected
• domestic
• industrial/commercial
• schools
• leisure centre
• hospital
• 80 from new housing development
• Currently 100 on waiting list
• 3 year waiting list to connect
• Now selling by reputation
• Potential for a further 200 equivalent houses.

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WHERE THE HEAT GOES
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SHETLAND DOMESTIC FUEL PRICES
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DISTRICT HEATING CHARGES

• Infrastructure Costs - 12M
• Domestic installation costs 2K - 6K
• Charge 3.4p per kw/h plus 100 Standing Charge
• 50 cheaper than oil
• 43 cheaper than electrical storage heaters
• 75 cheaper than electrical heating.

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THERMAL STORAGE TANKSummer 2006

• Will store 12MWh enabling us to meet a 10MWh peak
  without burning oil in the back up boilers

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WHAT NEXT ?

• We will need another cheap heat resource within 2
  years if we are to continue to expand.
• Heat from the power station where 60 of the
  energy consumed is wasted
• Waste oils
• Furnace water jacket
• Wind to Heat
• Biomass
• Heat pumps
• Regenerated electricity from hydrogen

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THE STRATEGY
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NATIONAL Vs LOCAL

• .

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ECONOMIC BENEFITS

• Most DH (only local owned utility)income (1M/Yr)
  stays in Shetland Increasing by 60,000pa.
• Meet 2020 diversion targets (No LATS fines)
• Customer savings on
• Fuel (750K/Yr _at_ 70 a barrel)
• Capital costs on new build
• Maintenance
• Space
• Estimated 2M/Yr benefit to local economy

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ISSUES ?

• Health Risks
• Carbon Footprint
• Shetland Plant 114kg/T C02 saving
• Emissions
• Cost Effective
• Efficient with Heat Recovery
• Meet EU targets

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PERCEPTION
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DH SYSTEMS IN DENMARK

• 400 individual district heating systems
• - 350 consumer owned
• 50 owned by municipalities These however cover
  60 of the heat supply

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HEATING INSTALLATIONS IN DANISH DWELLINGS
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TYPICAL CONFIGURATION OF A LARGE DH SYSTEM
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NATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

• Improve Public Confidence
• Public Campaign
• Not Incineration Vs Recycling but Incineration Vs
  Landfill
• Community Involvement
• Thermal Efficiency - 60 Target
• Need Incentive ROCS?
• Link with Energy Policy.

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CONCLUSION

• Solution mix should be local
• Proximity and Self Sufficiency
• Reliability
• Heat recovery essential
• Wider economic benefits
• BPEO.