Oral Cancer

1
Oral Cancer
SC AHEC Nursing, Dental Medicine Careers
Academy June 5, 2009

• Presenters
• Lacey Brunson
• Renee Sanders
• Shanequa Bryant

2
What Is Cancer?

• Diseases containing abnormal cells that divide
  and spread uncontrollably
• Abnormal cells combine to form a growth or tumor
  that can be benign or malignant.

3
Benign Vs. Malignant

• Does not spread
• Rarely life threatening
• Can be removed

• Spreads to other parts of the body
• Life threatening
• Can be removed, but it may grow back

4
Definition of Oral Cancer

• Oral cancer a disease that is found in the
  tissues of the lip or mouth cancer of lip and
  oral cavity
• Associated with a group of cancers referred to as
  head and neck cancers
• Begin in the tongue and in the floor of the
  mouth, but they can spread to parts of the neck,
  lungs, and other body parts

5
Signs and Symptoms

• Sores that do not heal within 14 days
• Bleeding in mouth
• Lump in neck
• Earache
• Loose teeth
• Dentures will not fit well

• Pain or numbness in mouth
• Difficulty chewing or swallowing
• Bad breath
• Patches on the lip or in the mouth that are red,
  white, or a mixture of both

6
Causes of Oral Cancer

• Tobacco Use
• Alcohol Use
• Sun Exposure
• Chronic Irritation
• Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

7
Diagnosis

• Dentists may detect symptoms of oral cancer by
  observing the roof and floor of the mouth, back
  of throat, inside cheeks, lips, and the neck
  area.
• A biopsy can determine if the abnormal area is
  actually cancer.
• The pathologist observes the cells under a
  microscope to check for cancer cells.

8
Statistics on Oral Cancer

• Accounts for 2 of all cancers
• 40 years of age and older are at a higher risk
• Over 35,000 people will be diagnosed
• Over 7,600 will die from the disease
• Mortality Rate Is Higher Than Other Cancers

9
Survival Rate by Stage of Diagnosis
10
Populations At Risk
11
Treatment

• Surgery
• Some include
• Primary tumor resection
• Mandible resection
• Neck resection
• Radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy

12
Side Effects of Treatment

• Swelling
• Sore mouth
• Difficulty chewing, swallowing, or talking
• Changes to appearance
• Weight loss
• Inability to wear dentures for a period of time

• Fatigue
• Lowered immune system
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Mouth sores
• Lost of appetite

13
http//www.oralcancerfoundation.org/dental/slide_s
how.htm
14
Linkage to Oral Cancer

• Persistent gum disease can lead to oral cancer
  and other potential life threatening conditions
  like
• Heart Disease
• Stroke
• Diabetes
• Chronic Kidney Disease (CDK)
• Preterm Birth
• Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

15
Health Disparities

• Health Disparities are differences in health
  conditions or outcomes among specific population
  groups in the United States.
• Some include
• Environmental factors rural and urban poor
• Economical factors working poor
• Cultural factor language barrier
• Accessibility to care
• Quality of care

16
Prevention

• Ways To Educate People
• Advertising Visuals
• Developing Culturally Appropriate Messages
• Educate in local schools, colleges, health
  clinics, churches, and community centers
• Why It Is Important
• Early Detection
• Decrease Mortality Rate

17
References

• Health Disparities. National Association of
  Chronic Disease Directors. http//www.chronicdisea
  se.org/i14a/pages/index.cfm?pageid3447. June 4,
  2008.
• Treatment for Oral Cancer. 2009. The Ohio State
  University Medical Center. June 3, 2008.
  http//medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcar
  e_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/index.asp
  x
• Side Effects of Oral Cancer. 2009. The Ohio State
  University Medical Center. June 3, 2008.
  http//medicalcenter.osu.edu/patientcare/healthcar
  e_services/mens_health/oral_cancer/Pages/index.asp
  x
• Gum Disease. May 2009. What is Gum Disease? June
  4, 2009. http//dentistry.about.com/od/issuesandem
  ergencies/a/importantbrush.htm.
• The Oral Cancer Foundation (2009, June 4). Oral
  Cancer Facts. Retrieved June 4, 2009,
• from lthttp//www.oralcancerfoundation.org/facts/i
  ndex.htmgt.
• American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial
  Surgeons (2005-2008). Early Detection
• and Treatment Provide A Better Chance For Cure.
  Retrieved June 4, 2009,
• from lthttp//www.aaoms.org/oral_cancer.phpgt.
• National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial
  Research (2008, October). Oral Cancer
  Statistics.
• retrieved June 3, 2009, from lthttp//www.nidcr.ni
  h.gov/OralHealth/T opics/Oral
• cancer/OralCancerStatistics.htmgt.
• Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009).
  lthttp//www.tobaccofacts.info/images/20050817-oral
  -cancer-1.jpg.gt
• Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009).lthttp//www.top
  news.in/health/files/Oral-Cancer.JPG.gt
• Oral Cancer Picture (June 4, 2009).lthttp//www.dew
  ard.com/images/Perfect_NormalSmile.jpg.gt