Kingdom Plantea

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Kingdom Plantea

• Mr. Kidwell

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Kingdom Plantea Characteristics

• Multicellular
• Eukaryotic has a nucleus
• Photosynthetic
• H2O CO2 light energy gt O2 C6H12O6
• Chloroplast contains Chlorophyll
• Do not move
• Tissues Vascular/Non-Vascular
• Most produce sexually
• Autotrophic make their own food

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How Plants Help us Survive

• Food
• Oxygen
• Medicine
• Shelter

What do Plants Cells have that Animal Cells do
not? Cell Wall Vacuole Chloroplast
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Adaptations of Plants

• Must Conserve water on land.
• Covered with a protective waxy layer called a
  cuticle.
• Prevents the water loss due to evaporation into
  the atmosphere.
• Stomata allow for gasses to leave and enter the
  plant. Most always on the bottom of the plant.

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Adaptations Cont

• Carry out photosynthesis
• Where? The leaves
• Broad, flat organ that traps light energy.
• Also exchange gasses through their stomata.

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Adaptations Cont

• Finding a water source
• Most plants depend on soil.
• Roots an organ that absorbs water.
• Tap Root a main root larger than the other
  branching roots.
• Ex most trees and the carrot, parsnip, radish,
  beet, and dandelion
• Fibrous Root many thin roots with smaller root
  branching out
• Ex. Grasses and weeds

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Tap Fibrous Roots
Fibrous Root
Tap Root
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Adaptations Cont

• Transporting Materials
• a. Must be able to move minerals, water and
  sugars
• b. The stem provides structural support and
  contains tissues for transport.
• 1. Vascular plants have vessels or tubes that
  transport material
• a. Xylem moves water from roots to leaves
• b. Phloem moves nutrients. Takes sugars
  from leaf to other
  plant organs.

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Xylem Phloem
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Adaptations Cont

• Examples of Vascular Plants
• grasses, trees, sunflowers, water lilies
• http//www.harcourtschool.com/activity/vascular/va
  scular.html

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Adaptations cont

• Nonvascular plants
• Do not have tubes to transport materials.
  Materials move from cell to cell.
• Ex mosses, liverworts, horsetails, algae

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Key Terms Continued

• Vascular plants contain vascular tissue.
• Non-vascular plants dont have vascular tissue.
• Sexual reproduction a type of reproduction where
  genetic material from two parents combines into a
  new offspring.
• In plant sexual reproduction, the male produces
  sperm and the female produces eggs.
• The combination of an egg or sperm will produce a
  spore or a seed.

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Plant Classification

• In plants, Divisions are used instead of Phyla.
• Kingdom Plantae
• Division Bryophyta (mosses)
• Division Pterophyta (ferns)
• Division Coniferophyta (cone-bearing plants)
• Division Anthophyta (flowering plants)
• Class Monocotyledonae (monocots)
• Class Dicotyledonae (dicots)

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Bryophytes (Mosses)

• Non-vascular.
• Sperm must swim to reach egg.
• Fertilized eggs develop into spores.
• Mosses and their relatives are considered
  primitive.

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Pterophytes (Ferns)

• Ferns are vascular plants they contain xylem
  and phloem.
• Sperm must swim to reach egg.
• Ferns reproduce through spores.

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Coniferophyta (Cone-bearers)

• Vascular.
• Sperm are contained inside pollen grains.
• Males and females produce reproductive structures
  called cones, or strobili.
• Eggs contained in ovules that mature into seeds.

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Advantages of Pollen

• Pollen allows for sperm to be transferred from
  male to female plants by wind or animals.
• So sperm dont have to swim.
• Since the sperm do not have to swim, plants can
  grow in drier areas.

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Anthophyta (Flowering Plants)

• Vascular
• Pollen
• Reproductive structures are called flowers.
• Developing seeds are contained inside an ovary
  that matures into a fruit.

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The Flower

• The flower is a reproductive structure produced
  only by members of the Division Anthophyta.
• Flowers may be male or female, or contain both
  male and female structures.

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Male Structures

• The filament supports the anther.
• Sperm is produced and packaged into pollen in the
  anther.
• Together, the filament and the anther form the
  stamen.

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Female Structures

• The stigma is where the pollen lands during
  pollination.
• The style connects the stigma and the ovary.
• Together, the stigma, style and ovary are called
  the pistil.
• The ovary contains the ovules.
• Each ovule contains an egg.
• The ovary matures into a fruit, and the ovule
  matures into a seed.

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Leaf Features

• Monocots have parallel veins.
• Dicots have reticulate (branched) veins.

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Stem Features

• Monocots have vascular bundles (xylem and phloem)
  scattered.
• Dicots have vascular bundles in a ring.

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Flower Features

• Monocots have flower parts in 3s or multiples of
  3.
• Dicots have flower parts in 4s or 5s or multiples
  of 4 or 5.

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Number of Cotyledons

• Monocots have one seed leaf (cotyledon).
• Dicots have two.
• Seed leaves fall off plant
• shortly after sprouting.

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Anther
Filament
Stem
Petal
Stigma
Style
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Pistil
Style
Stigma
Ovary