About Trees

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About Trees

• Created by Emanuel County Institute

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Conifers
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Virginia Pine (Pinus virginiana)
Two twisted needles per sheath,1 1/2 - 3 inch
long needles.
Bark is orange to brown on young stems
Old stems are reddish-brown
Cones are 1/2 - 2 1/2 inches long.
Umbo armed with needle-like prickle.
Cinnamon colored patches on upper parts of trunk
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Spruce Pine (Pinus glabra)
Bark starts out grayish-brown and becomes
reddish-brown and scaly.
1 1/2 to 4 inch needles.
1 to 2 inch cone.
This tree is used for pulp, lumber, and Christmas
trees.
Bark resembles hardwood.
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Hardwoods
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Black Birch (Betula lenta)
Alternate, simple leaf. 2 to 4 inches long.
Bark is reddish-brown to black on young trees,
nearly black on older trees.
Cone-like fruit, 1 1/2 inches long. Hairless
scales containing 2-winged nutlets.
Leaves are used as a reliable solvent for kidney
stones.
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Green Ash (Fraxinus grandiflora)
Compound Leaf with opposite arrangement, 6-9
inches long
Bark is ash-gray to brown
Uses are street or shade trees.
Fruit is a one-winged, flattened samara.
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American Beech (Fagus grandifolia)
Alternate, simple leaf, 2 1/2 - 5 1/2 inches long.
The bark is smooth, thin, and gray in color.
Fruit are nuts found in pairs and are 1/2 to 3/4
long.
Used for chairs, flooring, tool handles, and
furniture.
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Mulberry (Morus rubra)
Bark is reddish brown, young trees are orange
colored.
Alternate, simple leaf, 3-5 inches long.
The wood is used for caskets and furniture. The
fruit is eaten by animals.
Fruit resembles blackberries, 1 1/4 inches long.
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Bluejack Oak (Quercus incana)
Bark is nearly black, blocky, and becomes rough
early.
Alternate, simple leaf, 2 to 4 inches long.
Fruit is an acorn about 1/2 inch in diameter.
Located from Texas to Virginia.
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Sawtooth Oak (Quercus acutissima)
Bark is ridged and furrowed when young. Later
deeply ridged and furrowed and corky.
Simple, alternate leaf, 3 to 7 inches long.
The fruit is an acorn encased in a spiny cup.
Buds are gray-brown, and somewhat pyramidal.
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Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana)
Alternate, simple leaf, 2 1/2 to 5 1/2 inches
long.
Bark is very dark broken into squares.
Fruit is a plum-like berry.
An excellent tree for wildlife food.
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Sassafras (Sassafras albidum)
Alternate, simple leaf, 3 to 6 inches long
Bark is with cinnamon-brown inner bark.
Fruit is dark blue fleshy drupes seated in a red
cup on a red stalk.
Some uses are fence posts and boats.
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Black Walnut (Junglans nigra)
Alternate, compound leaves with 10-24 leaflets,
12-24 inches long. Terminal leaflet is missing.
Bark is light brown, and dark brown when cut.
Some uses are airplane propellers and furniture.
Fruit is round with thick green husk.
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Sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
Bark is reddish-brown and close-grained.
Sometimes limbs will have cork.
Alternate, simple star-shaped leaf.
Fruit has a round prickly head.
Some uses are pianos and crates.