Using Digital City Maps 2GIS for Comparative Social Study

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Using Digital City Maps (2GIS) for Comparative
Social Study

• Preliminary Exploration

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Digital maps open source

• Now the number of different digital maps, among
  them internet-accessible, are presented for
  users. The most interesting are free of charge
  and rather popular. Among them MapGoogle and
  MapYandex can be mentioned

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2GIS geographic information system

• There are several competing systems in Russia as
  well, while the most popular in Novosibirsk is
  2GIS. The first city presented in it was
  Novosibirsk, now one can find at www.2gis.ru the
  list of 21 agglomerations.

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Methodological issue and discussion

• If we choose area (regular circle with rather
  small, for instance 500 m and 1 km in radius) in
  the central part of the city, we can compare
  density of different agencies, shops and offices.
  

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Methodological issue and discussion

• To identify central part I proposed to find the
  area of the highest density of jewelry shops
  (which can be discussed). In comparison with
  other data from open sources, describing urban
  space interpretation, these figures can be very
  useful for different studies.

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Methodological issue and discussion

• The most issue in doubt is the procedure of focal
  point selection. This discussion was suppressed
  in Russian-speaking urban studies due to some
  reasons.
• The simplest ideas are popular, among which the
  crossing of the main traffic direction (usually
  big urban settlements present the main
  crossroads), the location of main administrative
  buildings or the place of symbolic meaning (which
  during Soviet period was the place of military
  parade and solidarity demonstration)

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Methodological issue and discussion

• The simplest ideas are popular, among which the
  crossing of the main traffic direction (usually
  big urban settlements present the main
  crossroads), the location of main administrative
  buildings or the place of symbolic meaning (which
  during Soviet period was the place of military
  parade and solidarity demonstration).
• However, study of Novosibirsk agglomeration made
  us think that focal point can be put into
  definite area around symbolic center, not
  obligatory at the main crossroad

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Novosibirsk inner core circle (500 m), jewelries
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Kazan inner core circle (500 m), jewelries
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Samara inner core circle (500 m), jewelries
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Common sense limitation

• For Moscow inhabitants the concept of urban
  center is easy to imagine and to show at the map
  several concentric circles are organizing life
  of moscovits.
• Novosibirsk inhabitants the concept of urban
  center is defined by Central administrative
  district (and next to it district) and central
  stations of subway line.
• It is not so evident in other cities of our study

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Novosibirsk
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Centrality in Kazan
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Centrality in Samara
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Centrality in Barnaul
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Hypothesis

• There is considerable difference in density in
  inner core circle and second ring for most of
  business and agencies
• The level of centralization is different for
  different cities and can correlate size of total
  population, geographical characteristics and some
  other factors
• The level of centralization divide function
  into 2 basic types dispersed around whole urban
  territory and highly centralized
• The division into 2 basic types is common for all
  types of urban areas under exploration

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Comparison of inner central core and second
ring. Functional difference.

• Initially we suppose that density of some
  enterprises is higher in inner core than in
  second ring, and for other functional buildings
  and enterprises it is equal. For some of
  businesses density of stable (night) population
  is crucial, for others the daily traffic is
  more important, and we will not discuss the
  importance of prestige address in here.

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Comparison of inner central core and second
ring. Functional difference

• We have rather reliable information about stable
  population in Novosibirsk only. The density
  inside inner circle is a little bit less than in
  second ring (17,8 th/ sq.km in the whole area 1
  km circle against 17,5 th / sq.km inside 0,5
  inner circle).

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Siberian/ other cities.
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Siberian/ other cities.

• Generally, eccentricity in density supposed to be
  more evident in Siberian cities, that in
  non-Siberians (climate reasons are limiting
  pedestrian distances, shortening the size of
  central core). Therefore we can notice, that for
  centralized functions this difference is
  considerable, while for dispersed functions there
  is no difference.

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Siberian/ other cities
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Millionaires/ smaller cities.
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Millionaires/ smaller cities.
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Millionaires/ smaller cities.

• Generally, eccentricity in density supposed to be
  more evident in smaller cities, that in 1 mln
  (the organic growth of CBD will cover larger area
  in bigger city). Therefore we can notice, that
  for centralized functions this difference is
  considerable, while for dispersed functions there
  is no difference. Perhaps, we can calculate more
  reliable limits (than 0,5 or 1 km) for each of
  centralized function or for each of size of the
  urban agglomeration

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Methods limitation

• Logically we had to clean the effects of size of
  population and geographical location. But most of
  Siberian cities in 2GIS are less than 1 mln
  (besides of Omsk and Novosibirsk), while all
  agglomeration presented out of Siberia are more
  than 1 mln populated.
• We have to wait for further expansion of 2GIS or
  have to involve into analyses other maps or
  digital map systems.