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Twinning ProjectSupport in the implementation
of the Water Framework DirectiveStrategy
exemplified from Case Studies in Germany
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Case Studies recently finished
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Internet Links
Alster, Bille, Elbe/Hafen, Moorburger
Landscheide, Wedeler Au http//www.hamburg.de/Beh
oerden/Umweltbehoerde/umwelt/wasser/ub_wrrl.htm E
lz/Dreisam http//www.regierungspraesidium.baden-
wuerttemberg.de/freiburg/abteilung5/referat52/link
s.htm Große Aue http//www.weser.nrw.de/groaue.h
tm Mittelrhein http//uwa-wetzlar.server.de/ser
vlet/is/1/ Main http//www.bayern.de/lfw/technik
/grundlagen/eu_wrrl/Flussgebiets_planung/kurz.htm
handbuch
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General Remarks

• Different river basins (size of river basin
  from 55 km² - 15.500 km², different types)
• Different starting points
• Similar approaches concerning basic steps
  (typology, reference conditions,
  identification of water bodies) in most pilot
  studies
• Use of similar criteria (LAWA criteria paper at
  different states)
• Water body is the assessment unit in most cases
  (stream length 3,4 km 108 km)

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Size of Water Bodies
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Results for Pressures

• POINT SOURCES
• Required data mostly available
• Important small sewage treatment plants (lt
  2.000 PE) can be a significant pressure as well
• Additional inhabitants not connected to
  treatment plants
• Not only the capacity of the sewage treatment
  plant has been considered, but also impacts upon
  the waterbody (e.g. saprobic status)

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Results for Pressures
Examples for municipal Wastewater Treatment
Plants
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Results for Point Sources (Middle Rhine)
Identification of pressures from sewage treatment
plants in the pilot study Middle-Rhine based on
the criterium treatment plants gt 50 PE

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Results for Pressures
Examples for Identification of Industrial
Discharges
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Results for Pressures
Examples for Industry and Stormwater
Runoff
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Results for Pressures
River basin Main Identification of storm water
discharges with criteria - QE gt 10 MQ - Aurban
gt 0,01 AE - QE gt HQ1
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Results for Pressures

• DIFFUSE SOURCES
• Data used ATKIS and CORINE landcover
• Models employed MONERIS and MOBINEG
• Results from groundwater assessment
• Threshold criteria (e.g. 40 cultivated land) not
  particularly suitable, but can assist
• High relevance (in Germany 70 of nitrogen-, 60
  of phosphorus and 40 60 of the heavy metal
  inputs are from diffuse sources)

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Results for Pressures
Examples for Diffuse Sources
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Results for Pressures

• Subcatchments with significant diffuse pressures
  in the pilot study Middle-Rhine
• Criteria
• - 40 tillage
• 5 specific cultures
• 20 root crops
• 15 urban areas

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Results for Pressures
Alternative
Significant areas in the pilot study
Main Nitrogen input in surface waters from
groundwater (MONERIS)
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Results for Pressures

• MORPHOLOGY / WATER FLOW REGULATION
• Use of two methods detailed method and
  overview method of habitat survey
• Data mostly available
• Particularly suitable parameter river bed
  dynamic from overview method
• Anthropogenic barriers very important
  parameter for the ecological status, so further
  development of assessment is needed

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Results for Pressures

• Examples for Hydromorphological Status

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Results for Pressures

• Main
  Dreisam

Percent within Water Body
Hydromorphological Quality Class
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Results for Pressures
Middle Rhine (River Lahn)
Percent within Water Body
Hydromorphological Quality Class
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Results for Pressures

• Examples for Hydromorphology and Barriers

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Results for Pressures
River basin Main Anthropogenic barriers class 6
or 7
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Results for Pressures
Alternative River basin Dreisam Anthropogenic
barriers class 6 or 7
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ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS

• Examples for Saprobic Status, Trophic Status and
  Biocoenosis

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Assessment of Impacts

• Mostly used saprobic and trophic status,
  morphology
• In most pilot studies lack of biological data
• In principle lack of standardised assessment
  methods and criteria
• Annex VIII, IX and X substances were assessed
• ? data available, but only few measurements

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Assessment of Impact
Middle-Rhein
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Integrated assessment Dreisam
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Integrated assessment Dreisam
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River Sections at Risk
12 sections at risk only because of the
anthropogenic barriers
31 sections potentially at risk because of
unsufficient data
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Conclusions and Recommendations

• High flexibility is needed because of data
  amounts and heterogeneity
• Very important On-site and local expert
  knowledge
• LAWA Criteria Paper suitable basic approach open
  for further refinement
• In case of insufficient data water body at risk
  or possibly at risk ?
• Decisions and Documentation should be transparent
  and assure traceability of judgements