Kein Folientitel

1
(No Transcript)
2
PROSA

• PROSA is a method for the strategic analysis and
  management of product portfolios, products and
  services
• mainly for companies, but also for product policy
  and dialogue processes
• gives due regard to time and cost restrictions
• calls as far as possible on existing tools

3
(No Transcript)
4
(No Transcript)
5
PROSA - case studies

• Produktlinienanalyse (methodology washing
  insulation) 1986
• Produktlinienanalyse Waschen und Waschmittel
  (UBA) 1996
• Sorbic acid preservative (Hoechst AG) 1997
• PET roofing material (Hoechst AG) 1997
• Biodegradable plastics (VKE, IGBCE, Lower Saxony
  Environment Ministry) 1999
• Bt-maize (Novartis AG) 2000
• 3-Liter-Lupo (Volkswagen AG / BMBF) 2005
• Virtual answering machine (German Telecom / BMBF
  ) 2003
• Washing machines (IKW / BMBF) 2005
• EcoTopTen sustainable products (BMBF) 2005

6
Development of new subtools

• Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA)
• Life Cycle Costing (partly)
• Consumer research tool benefit
• Sustainability Assessment Model proposal ProFitS
  (Products fit to sustainability)

7
Feasibility Study

• Social LCA is this really feasible?
• UNEP-SETAC-Life Cycle Initiative, Taskforce
  Integration of social aspects into LCA
• Launch today Feasibility StudyIntegration of
  social aspects into LCA
• Rainer Grießhammer, Catherine Benoit, Louise
  Camilla Dreyer, Anna Flysjö, Andreas Manhart,
  Bernard Mazijn, Andreé-Lise Methot and Bo Weidema
  (authors), contributions of further members of
  the taskforce

8
Feasible? Yes, but

• Abstract...In terms of methodology, there are
  evidently no fundamental problems calling the
  feasibility of SLCA into question. There are
  however certainly considerable hurdles to be
  overcome in practice, especially in
  characterisation modelling, because social
  impacts will require an entirely different type
  of modelling. Hurdles arise in the categorization
  of indicator groups, in the classification of the
  associated individual indicators and in their
  characterization. It is quite probable that the
  very different appraisals of social aspects by
  different actors and in different countries, in
  combination with the process of interdisciplinary
  scientific discourse, will delay agreement for a
  longer time. ....

9
Structure like LCA

• Goal and scope definition
• Inventory analysis
• Impact assessment
• Interpretation

10
More Priority on Stakeholders

• More priority on the process and integration of
  stakeholder positions
• It is wise to include stakeholder or at least
  stakeholder positions (an obligation to integrate
  stakeholders formally would go to far)
  (feasibility study p. 4)

11
More Priority on Functional Equivalence

• Describe the functional equivalence (technical
  utility) and the corresponding social and
  symbolic functions for the consumer (time
  requirement, convenience, prestige etc.)
• Social impacts or benefits on the consumer
  should be described as part of the product
  utility (p. 5) and not as social impact along
  the life cycle (!)

12
Inventory analysis typical problems

• Only a smaller part of the data sought is
  available in processed form from statistical or
  other sources.
• No module data are yet available for several
  recurrent processes and activities (e.g.
  electronic component manufacturing, cotton
  production, railway use, web-based trading,
  etc.).
• Several dozen or even hundreds of upstream chains
  can be involved, particularly in the case of more
  complex industrial products (see ongoing study
  PROSA Computer).

13
Indicators

• There is a need for a structured list of well
  discussed indicators with clear definition
• It depends on the goal and scope of the case
  studies which indicators are used and whether the
  database is sufficient.
• Two complementary classification systems
  stakeholder approach (workforce, local community,
  consumers, society) andimpact categories

14
Quantitative and/or qualitative Indicators?

• The taskforce took side for a combination of
  quantitative and qualitative data, indicators and
  analysis. It voiced the opinion, that
  quantitative data and indicators alone are
  insufficient to cover all aspects of social
  impacts. (p. 8)
• On the other hand one has the possibility to
  translate qualitative results (e.g. corruption)
  into (semi)quantitative results (p. 8)

15
Next important steps are

• to establish a generally accepted list of social
  indicators (inventory indicators, midpoint
  indicators, endpoint indicators), structured
  after stakeholder groups and after generally
  accepted impact categories. The connection with
  indicators in the field of CSR (GRI, SA 8000, ILO
  etc.) should be emphasised
• to define and charakterize the single indicators
  and typical measurement units (p. 13)

16
Impact assessment

• Classification e.g. jobs (full-time or part-time
  jobs are meant, or minijobs, or jobs created
  under publicly-assisted schemes, self-employed
  jobs, well-paid, poorly paid, secure or insecure
  jobs, jobs within the country studied or abroad)
• Characterisation e.g. full-time jobs
  (100)1,0part-time jobs (50) 0,5 side-line
  job
• Optional step Normalization e.g. reduction of
  100.000 t CO2 and 400 jobs being lost in Germany
  

17
Interpretation

• General checks (completeness, consistency,
  sensivity)
• Evaluation process (participation of relevant
  actors, documentation, transparency, conformity
  with the goal of the study )
• Qualitative evaluation or use of(semi-)quantitati
  ve evaluation models

18
Contact and website

• Dr. Rainer Grießhammer Öko-Institut e.V.PO Box
  6226, d-79038 Freiburgr.griesshammer_at_oeko.de
• www.prosa.org