Women and Work II:

1
Women and Work II

• Occupational Segregation, Discrimination and
  Policy Solutions

2
Sokoloff Occ Seg race and gender

• Women and minorities have more opportunities
• Why is gender/race hierarchy is unchanged?
• Size of occupation
• Status/Rewards
• Political pressure
• Men retained dominance in most desirable
• Blacks did best in gender neutral professions,
• Black women in female dominated
• Most occupations did not become integrated, (some
  did)
• White Men increased overrrepresentation in good
• Job queues, Gender queues/Ranking
• Ghettoization and Resegregation
• More meaningful choices But race and gender
  still shape, limit those choices

3
Glass Escalators

• How is it that men are paid more for doing
  womens work?
• Nursing, librarian,elementary, socialwork
• Preference for hiring men

4
Possible Solutions

• Affirmative Action
• Various kinds-recruitment, monitoring etc
• Target Hiring (Minas)
• Comparable Worth
• Anti-Discrimination Policies more aggressive
• Training programs to break down occ seg
• Unionization
• Family and Work Policies (Next time)