Viral Multiplication

1
Viral Multiplication

• ??. ??????? ?????????

2
??????????????????????????????

• ?????????? (Attachment)
• 2.??????????????? (Penetration)
• ???????????????????????????????????????????
  (uncoating)
• ???????????????????????????????????? (Synthesis)
• ???????????????????????? (Maturation)
  ??????????????????????????? (Release)

3
??????????????????????????????? ?????

• ?????????? (Attachment)
• Attachment site
• (?? capsid, glycoprotein spike ?? envelope)
• Specific receptor (??????????)

4
Receptor

• Protein, carbohydrate, glycoprotein, glycolipid
• ?????????????????????????
• HIV CD4
• Rabies virus Acetyl choline receptor
• ??????????????????????
• Influenza virus Sialic acid
• Herpes simplex virus Heparan sulphate

5
????????????????????? receptor

• - adhesion molecule ???????????? interaction
  ????????????
• fibronectin, vitronectin
• - ???????????????????????????
• immunoglubulin superfamily members
• complement regulatory proteins
• - cell surface molecule

6

• Receptor ???????????? host cell tropism,
  pathogenesis
• ???????? receptor 1 ???? ???????????
• Intracellular, extracellular factor
• ???????????????????????????????

7
????????? receptor molecule

• ???????????????????? receptor activity
• Trypsin ????? receptor ??? poliovirus (PVR),
  rhinovirus (ICAM-1)
• Neuraminidase ????? receptor ??? rhinovirus 87
  (sialic acid)
• ???????? competitive binding
• ??? radiolabelled virus

8

• 3. ??? anti-receptor antibodies
• monoclonal antibody ????????????? cell surface
  ???????????????????????
• 4. Recombinant DNA tecnology
• ???????????????????? receptor
  ???????????????????? receptor ????????????????????
  ???????????? (susceptible cell)

9
Influenza virus
10
Influenza virus

• ?? envelope
• spike ???? transmembrane protein
• Spike ?? 2 ??????? Haemagglutinin (HA),
  Neuraminidase (NA)
• HA ?????? sialic acid
• (N-acetyl neuraminic acid)
• NA ???? esterase ???????????????? sialic acid

11
Haemagglutinin spike

• Transmembrane glycoprotein
• Trimeric molecule fibrous stem region,
• globular domain (highly conserved amino acids,
  receptor binding domain)
• ?????? receptor
• sialic acid

12
???????? Influenza virus receptor

• Competitive binding
• ?????????????????????????????? terminal sialic
  acid
• Three-Dimensional Structure ??? HA
• HA ???? complex ??? sialyllactose (trisaccharide
  ?????????? sialic acid, galactose, glucose)

13
Human Rhinovirus (HRV)

• HRV14 ??????????????????????????? canyon
  ?????????????? ?????? fivefold axis
• Rossmann et al., 1985
• ????????????? canyon hypothesis
• ?????? canyon ???? attachment site
• ??? Receptor Intracellular adhesion molecule
  type 1 (ICAM-1)

14
HRV14
Canyon
15
(No Transcript)
16
(No Transcript)
17
HIV
18
HIV receptor

• Attachment site gp 120
• Receptor CD4
• Coreceptor chemokine receptor
• CCR5 - macrophage tropic strain CXCR4 - T-cell
  tropic strain ??? HIV-1

19
(No Transcript)
20
2. ??????????????? (Penetration)

• ??????????? cell membrane ??????
• ????????????? envelope ??? cell membrane
• ????????? Receptor mediated endocytosis
• ????????????????????????????????????????
  (uncoating)

21
(No Transcript)
22
Orthomyxoviruses
23
???????????????????????

• Non-specific interaction
• Phagocytosis
• Antibody-dependent enhancement pathway
• Fc receptor ?? monocyte

24
Uncoating
(Alter particle)
25
3. ????????????????????????????????????
(Synthesis)

• ??????????????? DNA, RNA, protein ??? host cell
• ??? organelle, enzyme ??? host cell
• - ????????????????????????????
• - ???????????????????????????????????????
• ????????????

26
???????????????????????? (Maturation)
??????????? ???????????????? (Release)

• Cell lysis
• Budding

27
1) Non-enveloped virus

• Maturation
• assembly ??? capsomer procapsid
• Nucleocapsid formation (capsidnucleic acid)
• Release ???????????????????
• DNA virus maturation ???????????
• - Cell lysis, No cell lysis
• RNA virus maturation ?????????????
• - Cell lysis ??????????????????????

28
Maturation of Poliovirus
29
2) enveloped virus

• Maturation
• assembly ??? capsomer
• - nucleocapsid formation
• - assembly ??? envelope
• ????????????????????????????? host cell
• -?????? plasma m., endoplasmic reticulum m.,
  golgi apparatus m. (RNA virus)
• -?????? nuclear m. (DNA virus)
• ???????????? ???????? ????????? host cell

30
(No Transcript)
31
3) Complex virus

• Maturation ?????????????
• Release ??? cell lysis

32
Poliovirus multiplication cycle
33
Influenza virus multiplication cycle
34
Retrovirus multiplication cycle
35
Bacteriophage

• Virulent phage
• T-phage
• Lytic infection

• Temperate phage
• ?-phage
• Lysogenic infection

36
?????????? T-phage

• ???????????????? (Head)
• ?????????? ?????? ???????????????
• ???????????????? (Tail)
• ?????????????? (hollow tube)
• ?????????????? (Sheath) ?????????????????
• ??????????? Base plate, pin, tail fiber

37
T-phage
38
(No Transcript)
39
(No Transcript)
40
??????????????????????
41
(No Transcript)
42
Assembly of phage particle
43
(No Transcript)
44
One-Step Multiplication Curve

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????? ?????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????
• Eclipse period ???????????????????????????????????
  ?
• ?????????? attachment, penetration, uncoating
• Accumulation period ??????????????????????????????
  ??? ???????????????????????????????
• Latent period ???????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????????

45
One-Step Multiplication Curve