Broadband FFT Spectrometer ARGOS

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Broadband FFT Spectrometer ARGOS
First results
ETHZ Institute of Astronomy Christian
Monstein Scheuchzerstrasse 7 CH-8092
Zürich monstein_at_astro.phys.ethz.ch
ARGOS-GG.ppt, 14.04.2005
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Content

• Specifications, block diagrams
• FPGA, VHDL, resource table
• Schedule, cost, additional information
• KOSMA block diagram, measurement methods
• Gornergrat impressions
• Measurements in the laboratory
• Spectrum results
• Software, GUI
• RF-overview Gornergrat 3100m, Bleien 420m and
  Diavolezza 3000m
• Conclusions

FPGA Field Programmable Gata Array VHDL Very
High Speed Integrated Circuit Description
Language KOSMA Kölner Observatorium für
SubMillimeter Astronomie GUI Graphical User
Interface RF Radio Frequency
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Specifications
PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect (local
bus standard) AD Analog Digital Converter
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Block diagram AC240
Opt. DRAM
Opt. SRAM
Digital processing Unit FPGA Xilinx Virtex-2 pro
XC2VP70
Additional digital l/O from/to telescope Analog
output
2 x 128 bits
?t0.5nsec
Preamp 1GHz
ADC 1 1Gs/s 8 bit
Demux 1 8 bits x 16
Ch1
Cross Point Switch
Preamp 1GHz
ADC 2 1Gs/s 8 bit
Demux 2 8 bits x 16
Ch2
Trigger
Time Base
Controller
PCI Interface
PCI Bus
Ext trigger
Ext clock
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PCB AC240 with FPGA
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Block diagram AC240
1 Gs/s complex
16 k FFT Pipeline complex input complex output
Post Processing Unit
even
S
2 Gs/s real
Redundant data
j
odd
1 Gs/s complex
1 Gs/s complex
2 x 1 Gs/s real
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32K FFT with 2Gs/sec throughput
125MHz
125MHz
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Overview of AC240 FDK core
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VHDL design with MENTOR tool
Design Entry HDL Desinger 2004.1a Simulation 
  ModelSim 5.8c Synthese      Precision
RTL 2004.a1 Place Route Xilinx ISE 6.2i
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Utilization FPGA resources

• No use of internal Power-PC (gray area)
  foreseen
• Purple input structure and programmable window
• Yellow pipeline 1, green pipeline 2
• Violet output structure
• horizontal structure Block-RAM and multipliers

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Xilinx FPGA Virtex II XC2VP70-6 resources

• Slices 29247 88.4
• Flip Flops 38272 57.2
• Block-RAM 300 91.5
• Multiplier 192 58.5
• fmax 138 MHz (required 125 MHz)

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Schedule

• Planned In fact
• Start of KTI-project 2003-11-01 2004-11-01
• Decision system architecture 2004-03-18 2004-03
  -18
• Preliminary tests of 1st implementation
  2004-08-30 2004-09-30
• System ready for Radio Astronomy
  2004-12-20 2005-03-18
• Scientific analysis, fist results
  2005-03-07 2005-04-05
• End of project, closing report to KTI
  2005-04-02 2005-05-31

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Costs
Acqiris sampler 2Gs/s AC240 20000 Euro Option
FFT (Bitfile) 4000 Euro PCI-interface IC414
1400 Euro Blanking panel XB200 100
Euro 3-slot crate CC103 2500 Euro Driver
(Win/Linux) free of charge
0 Euro Standard-PC with one free PCI-slot
2000 Euro FFT spectrometer 30000
Euro Some statistics to remember. 1,8 Euro
per FFT-channel or 33KHz bandwidth for every
single Euro
Actual prices to be negotiated with Acqiris!
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Additional information

• Project management tests ETH Zurich
• Prof. A. O. Benz
• - Chr. Monstein
• - Hansueli Meyer
• Algorithms FHS (Fachhochschule Solothurn)
• - Bruno Stuber
• VHDL design ZMA (Zentrum für Mikroelektronik
  Aargau)
• Prof. K. Schenk
• D. Zardet
• Industry Acqiris company Geneva
• - Dr. V. Hungerbühler et. al.

Additional information http//www.astro.phys.eth
z.ch/instrument/argos/argos_nf.html http//www.acq
iris.com
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Block diagram KOSMA
AOS LRS 1000MHz/1450
KOSMA DSP
KOSMA control
Positioning unit
AOS MRS 300MHz/1800
Receivers 200900GHz
AOS HRS 59MHz/2048
Local oscillator unit
IF unit
ETH-FFT 1GHz/16384
Digital I/O
-Data ready -Wobbler control
IF 350MHz150MHz
PC Win XP Argos,FTP, VNC
Intranet
To Internet
Laptop LINUX IDL
PC Win XP Office, VNC
Printers
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KOSMA measurement methods
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KOSMA 3m-parabola
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KOSMA Control room
Ilona Miller
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KOSMA clock generation
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ARGOS, IF-units AOS
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Allan time hot noise source
Data 3.6 GByte in total, (extraction of
Saturday, 02.04.2005. Used for analysis 0815 -
2100) FPGA 52.8C 0.2K Place Library
SEC Range 50mVpp
sec
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Channel test 10MHz comb
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Receiver temperature 230GHz
Birdies lt 200MHz and gt 500MHz are out of KOSMA-IF
(red shaded area)!
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DR21K 12CO 2?1
Some single spectra 15sec each ? source -
reference ? reference - source
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DR21K 12CO 2?1
230.537994GHz
Ti 179sec BW 47KHz
Ti 90sec BW 61KHz
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DR21K 12CO 3?2
Channel width 60KHz Ti 200sec
Channel width 560KHz Ti 400sec
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ORION A 12CO 2?1
Channel width 240KHz Ti 10sec
Channel width 560KHz Ti 20sec
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AFGL 2591 12CO 3?2
Channel width 240KHz Ti 160sec
Channel width 560KHz Ti 320sec
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IRC 10216 12CO 2?1 Observation 3h
SNR with BW240KHz, Ti3420sec
Ta with BW560KHz, Ti5700sec
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Sun in absorption 12CO 3?2
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12CO 2?1 Line
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Dual beam switched mode
Tamax 1Kelvin
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Frequency switching 12CO 2?1
Fo 230537.994MHz 10.5MHz
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Ozone in the atmosphere
AOS saturated
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ARGOS-GUI Windows XP
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ARGOS on-line graphics
Sky noise
Zero noise
The ADC-range has to be adjusted such that peak
amplitudes dont strike maximum values but, the
ADC should be set to maximum gain while
observing a hot load.
Comb noise
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Base band overviews DC-1GHz
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Time- frequency domain Gornergrat 3100m asl
10sec base band dc-1GHz
30sec IF (230GHz - RX)
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Time- frequency domain duringVP Diavolezza
3000m asl
Radar pulse 1028...1030MHz using an L-band down
converter
Echo of ionosphere sonder 1630Mhz while doing
Jupiter/Io observations.
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Conclusions