Student Seminar Subatomic Physics

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• Student Seminar Subatomic Physics
• Herbert Löhner, Olaf Scholten, Johan Messchendorp
• 1st block, semester 1, 2009/2010 Wednesday
  1315-1500This course is given in the style of
  a seminar with an introduction by the lecturers
  and presentations given by the participants. A
  topic of high current interest in subatomic
  physics will be studied by discussing review
  articles from recent literature. Participants
  will be supervised by the instructors in
  individually arranged coaching sessions in
  preparing their specific contribution for the
  presentation.
• Current topic
• Non-perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics
• Physics at BES-III Literature
• IHEP-Physics-Report-BES-III-2008-001-v1
• (http//arxiv.org/abs/0809.1869v1)
• Editors Kuang-Ta Chao and Yifang Wang
• Website t.b.a
• with current info

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What is BES III

• Detector at the BEPCII accelerator in Bejing
• BEPCBejing Electron Positron Collider at the
  IHEP (Institute of High Energy Physics)
• Operates at Ecm2.0-4.2 GeV,
• tau-lepton en charm-quark production
• CERN courier, june 8, 2009 100 million ?(2S)
• http//cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/39149

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1.1 The Status of the BEPC

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2.1 The double ring structure of BEPCII
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BESIII detector
Magnet - 0.4-0.5 T existing BESII magnet - 1
T Super conducting magnet
MDC small cell He gas ?xy130 ?m
sp/p 0.5 _at_1GeV dE/dx6
TOF ?T 80 ps Barrel 100 ps
Endcap
EMCAL CsI crystal sE/E 2.5 _at_1GeV ?z
0.5 cm/?E
Muon ID 9 layer RPC
Trigger Tracks Showers Pipelined Latency
2.4ms

• Adapt to high event rate of BEPCII
• 1033cm-2 s-1 and bunch spacing 8ns
• Reduce sys. errors to match high statistics
• Increase acceptance

Data Acquisition Event rate 3KHz Thruput
50 MB/s
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Physics interest (1)

• 3 families
• quarks
• leptonen

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Physics interest (2)
What is structure states???

• 1/mc may serve as perturbation parameter
• Charmed states are distinct in Energy
• CP-violation laboratory
• (shows primarily in decays)

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Student Seminar, Grading Criteria

• Preparation
• Making use of proposed literature
• Incorporating additional literature
• Understanding of the subject matter
• Depth of the presentation
• Structure of the presentation
• Presentation
• Formulation of stimulating questions
• Answering questions from audience
• Presentation technique
• Quality of slides
• Time management
• Participation
• Presence during seminar hours
• Active participation during seminar hours
• Contributing questions before the seminar
  sessions
• Answering questions at the end of seminar sessions

Final written exam, based on presented
material vrijstelling mogelijk bij voldoende
resultaat wekelijkse deelname
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Seminar Preparation Timeline

• week
• N-3 discuss outline material
• N-2 present overview presentation
• give the group a tutorial reference (5
  pages)
• N-1 1st trial presentation
• N Monday 2nd trial presentation
• N Wednesday Presentation

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• Topics / chapters
• 2 The BES-III detector and offline software
  9 - 21
• 3.1 Monte Carlo Generators
• 3.3 Particle Identification
• 3.4 Kinematic Fitting
• 3.5 Partial Wave Analysis 60 - 70
• 3.6 Dalitz-plot Analysis Formalism 70 - 77
• 4 Physics Processes and Radiative Corrections
• 5 Hadronic fragmentation 103 -
  109
• 6 R values and precision test of the Standard
  Model 111 - 132
• 7 Experimental tests of QCD
• 9 - 9.3 Meson spectroscopy (conventional
  mesons, glue balls) 173 - 200
• 9.4 - 9.6 Meson spectroscopy (hybrids,
  multi-quarks, molecules) 200 - 232
• 10 Baryon spectrum 233 - 250
• 11 Physics of soft pions (PCAC) 251 - 265
• 13 Theoretical Frameworks of Charmonium Physics
  (NRQCD) 295 - 303
• 14 Charmonium Spectroscopy 305 - 324
• 15 Charmonium transitions 15.1-15.2 Hadronic and
  radiative tr. 327 - 344
• 15.3-15.4 channels for new
  exp.s 344 - 364

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Hadronic fragmentation

• Figure 5.3 (a) String fragmentation in
  time-longitudinal phase-space by a set of new
  pairs (qq or qqqq) production, hadrons (mesons
  M and baryons B) form at the vertices
• (b) the vertex V divides the n-body string
  fragmentation into two clusters that contain n1
  and n2 hadrons with squared invariant masses s1
  and s2.

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R values and precision test of the Standard Model

• Figure 6.1 Rhad versus cms energy. Measurements
  are shown with statistical errors. The relative
  uncertainty assigned to the parameterization is
  shown as a band and given with numbers at the
  bottom (from Ref. 43).
• Running of the EM coupling constant

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Meson spectroscopy (Glue Balls)

• Figure 9.1 The mass spectrum of glueballs in
  pure SU(3) gauge theory. The masses are given
  both in terms of r0 (r-10 410MeV) and in GeV.
  The thickness of each colored box indicates the
  statistical uncertainty of the mass.

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Meson spectroscopy(hybrids, multi-quarks,
molecules)

• Figure 9.24 The ?'pp- invariant mass for J/? ?
  ??'pp-. The generated signals and backgrounds
  are normalized to 3 109J/? events and are added
  incoherently.

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Baryon spectrum

• Figure 10.3 Various pictures for internal
  quark-gluon structure of baryons (a) qqq, (b)
  qqqg hybrid, (c) diquark, d) meson-baryon state,
  (e) pentaquark with diquark clusters.

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Physics of soft pions (PCAC)
Figure 11.7 The Kp invariant mass recoiling
against a K. The crosses are data and histograms
represent the PWA fit projection. The shaded area
shows the ? contribution.
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Non-Relativistic QCD Effective Field Theory
(NRQCD)
Table 13.1 Different recent determinations of
mb(mb) and mc(mc) in the MS scheme from the
bottomonium and the charmonium systems. The
displayed results either use direct
determinations or non-relativistic sum rules.
Here and in the text, the indicates that the
theoretical input is only partially complete at
that order.
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Charmonium Spectroscopy
Figure 14.1 Predicted and observed spectrum of
charmonium states (Table 14.2). The solid lines
are experiment for reasonably well-established
charmonium states.
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Charmonium transitions
Figure 15.4 Radiative transitions between
charmonium states below the open charm threshold.
Figure 15.5 Hadronic transitions of ?' to other
charmonium states.
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Radiative decays Alpha(S)
Figure 17.1 Direct contributions in the weak
coupling regime. The solid green line corresponds
to the calculation for the central region at NLO,
which should be reliable up to z lt 0.7 . The blue
dot-dashed line corresponds to the calculation
for the upper end-point region, which is expected
to provide a reasonable model for 0.7 lt z lt 0.9.
The red dashed line is the curve obtained by
merging.
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D0 - D0 Mixing
Figure 25.1 Standard Model box diagrams of
flavor-changing neutral currents contributing to
D0 - D0 mixing at the quark level.
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CP and T Violation
Table 26.1 Measurements of CP violating
asymmetries in neutral D decays in different
modes.
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• Topics / chapters
• 2 The BES-III detector and offline software
  9 - 21
• 3.1 Monte Carlo Generators
• 3.3 Particle Identification
• 3.4 Kinematic Fitting
• 3.5 Partial Wave Analysis 60 - 70
• 3.6 Dalitz-plot Analysis Formalism 70 - 77
• 4 Physics Processes and Radiative Corrections
• 5 Hadronic fragmentation 103 -
  109
• 6 R values and precision test of the Standard
  Model 111 - 132
• 7 Experimental tests of QCD
• 9 - 9.3 Meson spectroscopy (conventional
  mesons, glue balls) 173 - 200
• 9.4 - 9.6 Meson spectroscopy (hybrids,
  multi-quarks, molecules) 200 - 232
• 10 Baryon spectrum 233 - 250
• 11 Physics of soft pions (PCAC) 251 - 265
• 13 Theoretical Frameworks of Charmonium Physics
  (NRQCD) 295 - 303
• 14 Charmonium Spectroscopy 305 - 324
• 15 Charmonium transitions 15.1-15.2 Hadronic and
  radiative tr. 327 - 344
• 15.3-15.4 channels for new
  exp.s 344 - 364

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• Schedule Student Seminar Subatomic Physics 2009
  Non-perturbative QCD
• date Topic Speaker(s) Coach
• 2 sept. Introduction OS
• 9 sept. Panda meeting in FZ Juelich
  (preparation of subjects, no seminar)
• 16 sept. Detector properties Ganesh Tambave
  JM
• Vanni Jothi
• 23 sept. Meson spectroscopy Hanna Renkema OS
• (conventional mesons, glue balls) Meike Door
• 30 sept. Meson spectroscopy Samuel Hoekman
  T. HL
• (hybrids, multi-quarks, molecules) Zorione
  Herrasti
• 7 oct. D0 - D0 Mixing Niels vd Vegte
• Roel Tempelaar OS , JM
• 14 oct. Charmonium transitions Hans Kuipers

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History of Charm

• First Evidence Charge current operator and
  splitting of KL and KS
• Data suggested mc 2 GeV (In these days the
  quark model was not yet accepted!!)
• 1971 First evidence for charmed mesons in
  cosmic-ray emulsion experiment.
• 1974, october Discovery of Charmonium, J/?
  (Jpc1--) by Ting (BNL) and Richter (SLAC), a
  state at 3.1 GeV with a very narrow width.
• 1974, D-mesons as narrow states in Kp
• Since spectrum of Charmonium and charmed mesons

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Physics of Charm

• aim
• set context for this lecture series
• subject
• role of charm in standard model

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Physics interest

• high precision measurements,
• CKM matrix elements related to charm weak decays,
• decay constants fD and fDS compare with QCD
  predictions
• Dalitz decays of three-body D meson decays,
• searches for CP violation in the charmed-quark
  sector
• D0D0-oscillation parameters
• absolute decay branching fractions
• lepton-number violating, flavor violating and/or
  invisible decays of D-mesons,
• charmonium resonances