CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM

• Three Major Components
• Blood
• Heart
• Circulation

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Terms

• CARDIO Heart
• VASCULAR Blood Vessels

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Function

• The Cardio Vascular System functions to
• circulate blood
• nourish cells
• maintain overall body temperature.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Function

• The Cardio Vascular System delivers blood,
  providing oxygen and nutrients to the cells, and,
  removes blood containing CO2 and cell wastes.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Function

• CO2 is removed through the lungs, and the cell
  wastes are filtered by the kidneys.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Circulation
Circulation

• Blood circulates through a closed system.
• There are no openings to the outside environment.
  Blood cells are produced internally in the Bone
  marrow.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Circulation

• How does your body circulate blood?
• Your Heart acts rhythmically, as a pump, and
  makes your cardiovascular system work.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Heart Beat

• The series of nerve impulses that stimulates the
  Heart to pump is called the heart Beat.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Heart Beat

• The Heart beat is started by an impulse from a
  small mass of nerve tissue located in the right
  Atrium
• This tissue is called the
• Sinoatrial Node.
• Sinoatrial Node

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Circulation

• Blood circulates through a series of blood
  vessels.
• CARDIO Heart
• VASCULAR Blood Vessels

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Vascular Terms

• ARTERIES take blood away from the Heart
• ( Arterioles small arteries)
• CAPILLARIES are connecting blood vessels
  joining arterioles and veins.
• VEINS take blood toward the Heart
• ( Venules small veins)

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM

• Pulmonary
• Systemic
• Circulation

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM

• Arteries

Veins
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood Circulation

• From the Body (Superior/Inferior Vena Cava
  BLUE)
• 1. Right Atrium (Right Atrioventricular valve)
  BLUE
• 2. Right Ventricle (Semilunar valve) BLUE
• 3. Pulmonary Artery BLUE
• 4. Capillaries - LUNGS - Capillaries
• 5. Pulmonary Vein RED
• 6. Left Atrium (Left Atrioventricular valve)
  RED
• 7. Left Ventricle (Semilunar valve) RED
• 8. Aorta RED
• To the body
• Key RED oxygenated BLUE deoxygenated

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood Pressure

• Blood leaves the heart under a large amount of
  pressure. Each contraction of the heart blood
  surges through the arteries to cells, eventually
  returning by way of the veins.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood Pressure

• Blood pressure is measured using an instrument
  called a Sphygmomanometer.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood Pressure

• When blood is pumped by the Heart, Arterial
  pressure is greatest. This is known as Systolic
  Pressure.
• When blood returns to the heart, at the lowest
  pressure, it is called Diastolic Pressure.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood Pressure

• 5 ways to control High Blood Pressure
• Blood thinners
• Angiography and Angioplasty
• Bypass Surgery
• Laser Treatments (experimental)
• Transplants

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood Circulation

• Blood flowing through the circulatory system is
  known as Systemic Circulation.
• There are 2 main branches to this circulation
• Coronary blood passing through the heart to
  provide nourishment to the Heart. A branch of
  the Aorta serves the heart.
• Renal blood from the Aorta to the Kidneys. This
  blood nourishes the Kidneys and removes H2O,
  salts and cell wastes.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Heart

• The Heart muscle is
• known as the Myocardium. It is different from
  other muscles because it contracts and relaxes
  rhythmically.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Heart Anatomy

• Left Atrium
• Left Atrioventricular valve
• Left Ventricle
• Semilunar valves
• Right Atrium
• Right Atrioventricular valve
• Right Ventricle

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Valves

• Valves in the circulatory system (inside the
  heart as well as the throughout the remaining
  blood vessels) contain valves.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Valves

• Valves allow blood to flow only one way. They
  close after the blood is pumped through. This
  closing produces the sound inside the heart.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood

• What makes up your Blood?
• 4 main components
• Red Blood Cells
• White Blood Cells
• Platelets
• Plasma

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood

• What makes up your Blood?
• 4 main components
• Red Blood Cells
• White Blood Cells
• Platelets
• Plasma

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood

• What makes up your Blood?
• Red Blood Cells
• Contains Hemoglobin,
• a protein in the blood,
• that contains iron that takes
• Oxygen to the cell and
• Carbon Dioxide away.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood

• What makes up your Blood?
• Plasma Yellow fluid which makes up about
  55 of whole blood.
• It is composed mostly of water, and
  contains proteins (Albumin Globulin
  Fibrinogen), salts and hormones.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood

• What makes up your Blood?
• Plasma proteins
• Albumin Helps keep blood pressure normal by
  regulating amount of water
• Globulin Contains Antibodies to fight disease.
• Fibrinogen Works to clot the blood.
• Plasma from which Fibrinogen has been removed
  is called Serum.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood

• What makes up your Blood?
• White Blood Cells Protect the body against
  disease and infection. Made in the marrow of
  the bone, these cells are part of the bodys
  Immune system and their production increases
  when you are sick. They can also help with
  immunity to certain diseases.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Lymphatic System
The Lymphatic System provides additional support
for fighting disease in the body. It is a
yellowish liquid that bathes all cells in the
body.
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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Lymphatic System
Lymph nodes filter the blood removing toxic
materials and infections using cells Lymphocytes
(specialized WBC and B T cells) against body
pathogens.
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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Blood

• What makes up your Blood?
• Platelets Essential in blood clotting. There
  are limited number of platelets in whole blood.
  The condition where someone is unable to clot
  blood is known as Hemophilia.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Cardio Vascular System Problems

• Blood circulation and problems within the
  circulatory system can be both inherited and
  directly related to lifestyle.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Cardio Vascular System Problems

• Congenital Heart Disease Present at birth.
  Septal Defect is common causing a mix of blood
  (both well oxygenated and not so well oxygenated
  blood affecting the efficiency of the heart.
• Treatment can include medication and possibly
  surgery.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Cardio Vascular System Problems

• Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Group of diseases
  that includes Hypertension, Heart Disease, and
  stroke.
• CVD is the number 1 cause of death for both males
  and females in the United States.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM
Cardio Vascular System Problems

• Heart Murmur abnormal sounds that are made as
  blood flows through the heart.
• Varicose Veins Faulty vein valves that prevent
  blood back flow.
• Anemia Bloods ability to carry oxygen is
  reduced.
• Leukemia Form of cancer resulting from
  excessive/abnormal white blood cell production.
• Hemophilia Inherited disorder in which clotting
  does not occur in the blood.

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CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM - Quiz 12 - May 15

• List 2 functions of Red Blood Cells.
• Define Anemia.
• What is the Sionoatrial node? Where is it
  located?
• By what name is the Heart muscle known?
• Name the 3 proteins found in Plasma.
• What device is used to measure Blood pressure?
• What disease is the 1cause of death for males
  females?
• What 3 waste products does Renal circulation
  remove?
• Why do Doctors sometimes prescribe blood
  thinners?
• List 3 functions of the Cardiovascular System?