Bring socks, plastic containers for tools, and pins to the lab.

1
Bring socks, plastic containers for tools, and
pins to the lab. Take bone boxes home. Nervous
system challenge on web page under supplementary
materials, questions and answers (www.anat.sunysb.
edu/index) Laminectomies today lower thoracic
and lumbar region, not all the way up to the neck
(contra dissector), skip suboccipital region
2
Nervous System - Definitions Central NS brain
and spinal cord Peripheral NS cranial nn. and
spinal nn. Efferent neurons motor
neurons Afferent neurons sensory
neurons Somatic NS for somatic structures skin
and striated muscles (somatic sensory and somatic
motor) Visceral NS for visceral structures
viscera, cardiac and smooth muscles, glands
(visceral sensory and visceral motor) Visceral
motor system has two components sympathetic and
parasympathetic
3
Histology Nerve cells neurons
ganglion group of cell bodies
peripheral nerve bundle of axons
axon
dendrite
cell body
white
white
gray
4
Somatic nervous system
31 pairs of somites with muscle precursor cells
myotomes and skin precursor cells
dermatomes together dermomyotomes (somatic
structures somatic NS)
Human Embryo 25 days
5
8 C 12 T 5 L 5 S 1 Co
Cauda equina (horses tail)
Co 1
6
Somatic C1 Co1
sensory side dorsal posterior
epaxial dermomyotome
dorsal root
dorsal root ganglion
dorsal ramus
hypaxial dermomyotome
spinal nerve
ventral horn cell bodies
ventral root
ventral ramus
ventral anterior motor side
7
Iliocostalis C5 - L3 dorsal rami C5 - L3 myotomes
8
brachial plexus C5 T1 (limb)
segmental ventral rami (thorax)
lumbosacral plexus L1 S4 (limb)
9
Gastrocnemius S1 - S2 ventral rami S1 - S2
myotomes tibial nerve
10
Dermatomes
11
Visceral Nervous System Motor sympathetic T1
L2 (energy expenditure) parasympathetic S3
S4 and brain (energy intake and conservation)
cell body 1 in CNS
cell body 2 peripheral
preganglionic or presynaptic
postganglionic or postsynaptic
Sensory
12
Visceral NS motor
parasympathetic cranial
sympathetic thoracolumbar T1 L2
parasympathetic sacral S3 S4
13
Sympathetic T1 L2
(intermedio-) lateral column
dorsal ramus
ventral ramus
preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies
ventral root
white ramus communicans
gray ramus communicans
sympathetic ( paravertebral) ganglion with
postganglionic sympathetic cell bodies
14
Thoracic organs T1 T5 and viscera of body
wall
Gray Ramus Communicans
15
Abdominopelvic organs T5 L2 and viscera of
body wall
Gray Ramus Communicans
Preverterbral ganglion
16
Visceral NS motor
parasympathetic cranial Vagus n. or CN X to
thoracic and abdominal organs
T1
sympathetic thoracolumbar T1 L2 14 white, 31
gray rami communicantes
L2
parasympathetic sacral S3 S4 to abdominal and
pelvic organs
17
Visceral NS motor
parasympathetic cranial Vagus n. or CN X to
thoracic and abdominal organs
sympathetic thoracolumbar T1 L2
parasympathetic sacral S3 S4 to abdominal and
pelvic organs
18
Sacral parasympathetics S3 S4
(intermedio-) lateral column
pelvic splanchnic n. (preganglionic)
abdominopelvic organs
synapse in target organ
19
Visceral afferent or sensory nerves Most travel
with sympathetic nerves, some (in the pelvis)
with parasympathetic nerves. Cell bodies (not
synapses!) in dorsal root or spinal ganglia (like
somatic sensory nerves).
20
Angina pectoris Pain from the heart (T1 T5
sympathetic innervation) referred to dermatomes
T1 T5 on left side
21
Meninges dura mater arachnoid pia mater,
includes denticulate liggs.
22
(No Transcript)
23
dorsal ramus
dorsal root
ventral ramus
spinal nerve
dorsal root ganglion
rami communicantes
ventral root
sympathetic ganglion