Adding Sonar Sensors to the

1

• Adding Sonar Sensors to the
• Joint Semi-Automated Forces Sensor Suite
• Sue Panichas
• Rosemary Enright
• April 3, 2003

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Outline

• Brief Introduction To JSAF
• NG Efforts to Add Sonar Modeling to JSAF
• Evolutionary Approach to Adding Sonar Models
• Current State of Sonar Modeling in JSAF
• Potential Future Additions
• Summary

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Joint Semi-Automated Forces

• JSAF - Platform-Level, Real-Time Computer
  Generated Forces (CGF) Simulation System
• Provides Operational Context for
  Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) Experimentation and
  Training
• Scalable, Distributed Architecture

Sophisticated Behaviors for Reporting Detections
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Modeling Within JSAF

• JSAF is a Joint Simulation System Supporting
  Army, Navy, Air, and Marines
• JSAFs Beginnings are Rooted in MODSAF, and Had a
  Predominantly Army Focus
• NWDC, Maritime Battle Center Chose JSAF As Their
  Simulation System for Experimentation and
  Exercises (FBE and Wargames)
• NWDC Defined the Requirement for Enhancements to
  JSAF to Specifically Support NAVY Applications
• NWDC Spins off a NWDC Branch of the J9 JSAF to
  Support Navy Exercises and Events
• Provides a Place for Experimentation and
  Innovation
• Northrop Grumman Was Contracted to Add Sonar
  Modeling to JSAF
• Other Groups Were Contracted to Provide the
  Environmental Modeling
• NWDC Merges the FBE Branch Back Into the J9
  Branch After Each FBE

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Adding Sonars to JSAF

• Evolutionary Lifecycle Approach Used
• Initial Sonar Modeling - Global Wargame 2000
• Passive Sonars Only Static MIV Tables
  Pre-computed
• Second Evolution - FBE India
• Passive and Active Sensors, Simple Sensor Nets
• Limited set of ship radiated noise data files
  specific sensor data
• Static, Pre-computed Passive Prop Loss (MIV) and
  Active Prop Loss/Reverb
• Third Evolution - FBE Juliet
• Passive and Active Sonars, Complex Sensor Nets
  Weapon Sonars
• Continued improvements in characterization of
  ship noise and sensor performance
• Dynamic Passive Prop Loss Static Active Prop
  Loss/Reverb
• Current Evolution - FBE Kilo
• Passive/Active Sonars, Sensor Nets, Dynamic
  Passive and Active Prop Loss Reverb Loss
• Noise Interference Due to Local Shipping (Noise
  Masking) Active Ping Intercept

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Initial Sonar Implementation

• Generic Sensor Definitions
• Precalculated Effects - Passive / Active Prop
  Loss and Reverberation
• Detections Reported Through CCSIL Message Formats
  to other JSAF Stations and to GCCS-M

Focus on providing generic sensors with
parameters for specialization
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Current Sonar Implementation

• Specific and Generic Sensor Definitions
• US, NATO, and Red Force Sensor Definitions
• Hull Array, Towed Array, Sonobuoys, Sensor Nets
  (DADS, ADS, FDS)
• Dynamically Calculated Passive / Active Prop Loss
  and Reverberation - Requested Each Sonar
  Detection Cycle
• Based on Environmental Data Through OASYS Range
  Dependent Prop Loss
• Detections Reported Through CCSIL Message Formats
  to Other JSAF Stations and to GCCS-M
• Detections Are Correlated Between Multiple
  Sensors on Platform, Only One Contact Report Is
  Promulgated

Increased fidelity in both sensor modeling and
environment modeling
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Passive Model Implementation
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Active Model Implementation
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Contact Processing
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Current Sonar Modeling Capabilities

• Passive Sensors
• Towed Arrays
• Sonobuoys
• Sensor Nets
• Sensor Characteristics
• Stored in Each Platform RDR File
• Hull Radiated Noise
• Fixed NB Tonals BB Tonal
• Speed Dependent Tonal (As Available)
• Dynamic Passive Prop Loss (Atlos Server)
• Passive Line of Bearing Resolved Over Time to
  Range and Bearing
• Noise Interference Due to Nearby Ships, Islands,
  Etc.

• Active Sensors
• Hull Arrays
• Sonobuoys
• Sensor Nets
• Sensor and Ship Characteristics
• Stored in Each Platform RDR File
• Target Strength
• Dynamic Prop Loss and Reverberation Loss Server
• Added Ability to Detect Other Active Transmissions

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Potential Future Improvements

• Active Emissions Intercept (begun)
• Low Frequency Active
• T-AGOS support
• Bi-Statics
• Dual Towed Array
• Passive Ranging
• Sub passive ranging
• Wide Aperture Array (WAA)
• Spatial Verniers
• TMA - More Realistic TMA Solution (Vice Time
  Based)
• False Target Detection

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Summary

• Sonar Modeling Added to JSAF Through Evolutionary
  (Spiral) Approach
• New Features/fidelity Added Based on Anticipated
  Use During Navy Exercise (FBE)
• New Requirements Defined During Exercises
• Current Sonar Models Have Reasonably High Level
  of Sophistication

Sonar Modeling Is More Sophisticated With Each
Evolution