The Beginnings Timeline

1
Chapter 1

• The Beginnings Timeline

2
Timeline

• Major Events in the Early History of the First
  Nations
• 12,000 BCE (Before Common Era)
• Mammal retaining stone weapon killed in New
  Mexico.
• 11,000 BCE
• Glacial retreat escalates with warming trend.
• 10,000 BCE
• Continued warming alters physical environment as
  ice retreats.

3

• 9000 BCE
• Fluted Point people spread across North America.
• 7000 BCE
• Maritime Archaic culture develops the harpoon.
• 5500 BCE
• Maritime Archaic culture develops burial mounds.
  Notched projectile points appear in British
  Columbia.

4

• 3000 BCE
• Forest reaches its northernmost extension.
• 2000 BCE
• Paleo-Eskimos and other Archaics begin displacing
  Maritime Archaics on eastern seaboard and in
  Arctic regions.
• 1000 BCE
• Ceramic pottery appears in Great Lakes area and
  spread east.

5

• 500 BCE
• Dorset people appear in Arctic Canada. Climate
  deteriorates.
• 500 CE
• Maize cultivation begins in southern Ontario.
  Climate begins improving.
• 600
• Beothuk culture replaces the Dorset Eskimos in
  Newfoundland

6

• 1000
• Norse settle briefly in eastern North America.
• 1150
• Dorset culture is replaced by Thule culture among
  Inuit.
• 1350
• Squash and bean cultivation appear in southern
  Ontario.

7

• 1497
• First recorded European arrival in North America
  since Norse.
• 1634
• Beginning of the destruction of Huronia.

8
Timeline

• Major Events in the Early European History in
  Northern North America
• 982-5 CE
• Eric the Red explores Greenland.
• c. 1000
• LAnse aux Meadows is established by the Norse.
• 1497
• John Cabot reaches Newfoundland.

9

• 1500
• Gaspar Corte-Real lands at Tierra Verde
  (Newfoundland).
• 1501
• Gaspar Corte-Real brings the first Aboriginals to
  Europe.
• 1534
• Jacques Cartier erects cross at Gaspé Harbour.

10

• 1576
• First voyage of Martin Frobisher to Baffin
  Island.
• 1585
• John Davis enters Davis Strait.
• 1605
• Port-Royal established.
• 1608
• Champlain builds habitation at Quebec.

11

• 1610
• First English settles arrive in Newfoundland.
• 1615
• Étienne Brûlé investigates New York and
  Pennsylvania.
• 1616
• Robert Bylot sails through the Davis Strait.

12

• 1618
• Champlain proposes major French colony on St
  Lawrence.
• 1628
• Scottish settlement expedition arrives in
  Maritime region.