Structures of Geology

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Structures of Geology
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Dip and Strike
No, a guy who chews tobacco and strikes out.
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Dip and Strike

• Dip is the angle of a tilted strata.

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• Strike is the direction of a horizontal line in
  the strata.

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• The strike and dip symbol is a straight line
  denoting strike, and a hatch mark denoting
  direction of dip, with a of degrees.

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Unconformities

• Disconformity
• Angular Unconformity
• Nonconformity

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Faults

• Faults occur when strata comes under stress great
  enough to break it.
• The stress can be tension, compression, or shear.

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Folds

• When strata comes under stress that doesnt break
  it, the layers often fold.
• This results in unique formations known as
  anticlines and synclines.
• Synclines are convex down (taco).
• Anticlines are convex up (upside down taco).

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• On anticlines, the dip is away from the center
  axis.
• On synclines, the dip us toward the center axis.

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Plunge

• As the diagram shows, anticlines and synclines
  are sometimes not flat, but have a plunge angle.
• Like a tilted taco.

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Domes and Basins

• A dome is like a circular anticline.
• So what rocks would be in the middle, oldest or
  youngest?
• A basin is like a circular syncline.
• So, what rocks would be in the middle, oldest or
  youngest?

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Now, try some practice

• Go to the pages with the block diagrams and fill
  in the blank sides.
• Include the name of the structure shown.

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The real block diagrams

• Grab a pair of scissors and cut out block diagram
  1.
• Tape it together to form a 3d shape.
• Fill in the blank sides.
• When youre done, cut out 2 and try that.