Megan Vokey

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ANTIHISTAMINES

• Megan Vokey
• Jessica Morey
• Megan Eisenhauer
• Emily Briand

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What do these three items have in common?
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They are all allergens

• Any substance that is capable of inducing a
  histamine release upon entry into the body, and
  therefore causing an allergic reaction.

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Histamines Vs. Antihistamines

• Histamine a biologically active substance
  released as a response to an allergen. Histamine
  causes runny nose, sneezing, itching and narrows
  the airways in the lungs.

• Antihistamines block the release of histamines
  that occurs as a result of exposure to an
  allergen therefore reducing the physiological and
  pharmacological effects of histamines.

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Binding

• All antihistamines compete block the effects of
  histamines at the H1 receptor

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Generations

• First Generations ? Sedating Antihistamines
• Second Generations ? Non-Sedating Antihistamines

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Case Study

• Mr. C comes to the neighborhood wellness clinic
  where you are assigned to have your clinical
  experience. He tells you that he has been given
  these pills to take and that he doesn't like how
  he feels when he takes them. Mr. C tells you, I
  always have a runny nose the doctor told me I am
  allergic to my dog. I will not get rid of my dog.
  I love him. These are the pills that were given
  to me. I cant afford any pills on my own. These
  pills make me sleepy in the day and I always have
  a dry mouth. What client education would help Mr.
  C?

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Diagnosis

• Deficient knowledge related to the effective use
  of cold and other related products due to lack of
  information and client teaching.

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• Goals
• Client states understanding and demonstrates
  proper administration of medication.
• Client states rationale for the use of
  antihistamine and the side effects.
• Client states relief of symptoms with treatment.

Planning
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Outcomes

• Client takes medications exactly as prescribed to
  experience maximum effectiveness.
• Client reports resolution of symptoms and an
  improved health status
• Client reports any abnormalities in his health
  while on the antihistamine to the physician
  immediately.

Planning
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Claritin Vs. Allegra

• Generic Name Loratadine, 10mg
• Provides relief of allergy symptoms
• Non-drowsy
• Taken orally (p.o.) daily
• 19.59 for 20 tabs.
• Schedule III (OTC)

• Generic Name Fexofenadine, 60 mg
• Provides relief of allergy symptoms
• Non-drowsy
• Taken orally (p.o.) bid
• 20.99 for 18 tabs.
• Schedule I

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Implementation

• Notes pamphlets, teaching, take with food, dry
  mouth? Suck on candy or chew gum and perform
  frequent mouth care.dont take with other
  antihistamine unless approved, use caution while
  driving or participating in other activities that
  require mental alertness.

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Evaluation
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Common Adverse Effects

• Cardiovascular local anesthetic effect on
  cardiac, causes dysrhythmias, arrest,
  hypotension, palpitations, syncope, dizziness
  death
• Central Nervous System sedation, dizziness,
  muscular weakness, paradoxical excitement,
  restlessness, insomnia, nervousness seizures
• Gastrointestinal anorexia, nausea, vomiting,
  diarrhea or constipation, hepatitis jaundice
• Others dryness of mouth, nose, throat, urinary
  retention, blurred vision, tinnitus, headache,
  vertigo, etc.

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Wheel of Antihistamines