Biotic Population Dynamics and the Theory of Evolution

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Bios Theory of Cosmological and Biological
Evolution
H. Sabelli, G. Thomas,
L. Kovacevic, and L. Kauffman
Chicago Center for Creative Development,
Milwaukee School of Engineering and University
of Illinois at Chicago
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Creation simple to complex Nature 4 physical
forces generate the universe Person genes
produce body and its functions Language from a
limited vocabulary, always new dialogues, and
great literary creations Music from a limited
set of notes, always new music, dances, songs
Simple and few materials and processes create
something new, different, complex. NOT RANDOM
undirected mutations, chance encounters,
unexplained emergence.
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BIOS THEORY Priority of physical action and
supremacy of biotic creation Antiquity Process
is universal, and driven by opposites
(Heraclitus) 19th century Evolution from simple
atoms to complex life (Lamarck) Bios theory
generalizes the laws of physics as generic
dynamics present at all levels of organization
From Quantum action (Planck-Einstein) ?
Unipolar discrete action (action potentials,
cardiac contractions, individual persons) From
Quantum electrodynamics ? Bipolar Information
(sex cooperation and conflict abundance and
scarcity true and false) From Quantum
chromodynamics (tripolar nuclear force) ?
Tridimensional space (conceptual triads, family
triad, Trinitarian concepts of God) From
Relativity theory spacetime ? Four dimensional
creation, expansion and diversification (biotic
patterns at all levels of organization)
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Biotic patterns are ubiquitous
Quantum processes (Schrödinger wave
function) Temporal distribution of
galaxies Temporal distribution of
quasars Meteorological time series (air,
ocean) Geographical boundaries (rivers,
shores) Sequences of bases in DNA Physiological
(heart, respiration, etc) Animal Populations and
multi-agent simulations Economic processes Some
literary texts and musical compositions
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• BIOS PROTOTYPE OF CAUSAL CREATION
• Bios is an expansive chaotic pattern
• Defining features of bios (absent in chaotic
  attractors)
• Pattern transformation (complexes)
• Diversification (increasing variance beyond
  diffusion)
• Novelty (more variable than random)
• Asymmetry, lower entropy than chaos
• Global sensitivity to initial conditions
• Contiguity, positive autocorrelation
• Irreversibility (as natural processes)

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Plan of presentation

• Quantum Bios and Biotic Cosmology
• Bios Theory of Biological Evolution
• 3. Bios Theory creation out of order
• physical action (lattice)
• bipolar opposition (group)
• connection (topology)

Order Generic forms
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Simple processes diffuse. Complex processes
(universe, species, civilizations) expand. Bios
expands beyond diffusion.
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Recurrence Plots
Chaos Bios
Schrödinger
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Galaxies
Quasars

• Sloan Digital Sky Survey 462,879 galaxies
  Springel et al., 2006

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Novelty less recurrence than random
Surrogate copy randomized by shuffling
Schrödinger
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Recurrence as a function of embeddings Less in
data than in shuffled copy Novelty
Mathematical Bios
Schrödinger
Galaxies
Quasars
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Schrödingers equation

• A fundamental equation of quantum physics that
  describes how a quantum system evolves over time.
  This is a deterministic equation, NOT
  probabilistic.

Quantum bios demonstrates that (1) Bios is
fundamental. (2) Fundamental physical processes
are creative, i.e. evolutionary.
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BIOS THEORY IN COSMOLOGY Natural processes are
creative, i.e. evolutionary Quantum equations
demonstrates bios in fundamental microscopic
processes. Temporal distribution of galaxies
demonstrates bios in fundamental macroscopic
processes. At the origin the universe was of
quantum size. Biotic processes may have
contributed to its early expansion and evolution.

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Bios is generated in quantum processes with mass
(connection is space time), but not in massless
processes (Thomas, 2006) Relativity theory In
evolution, energy E generates matter M (mass m)
and creates complexity (i.e. information I).
Information is communicated by the flow of
energy. In communication C, I travels
simultaneously in two directions. Rewriting
Einstein equation as a chemical equation, with M
m and communication as its speed in 2
directions
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• LAMARCK THEORY OF EVOLUTION
• Cosmological and biological evolution are
  continuous with each other and progress from
  simple to complex demonstrated empirically
  (elementary particles to brains) (not undirected
  and meaningless)
• Complexity of function requires complexity of
  structure (no selfish genes, no electron
  choices)
• Biological evolution driven by intrinsic physical
  processes and biological action (behavior) (not
  random mutations, or only external climatic
  change)
• Behavior is a major factor for selection

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• Neo-Darwinism in collapse
• Cooperation, mutualism (Kropotkin), symbiosis
  (intestinal flora), endosymbiosis (mitochondria,
  chloroplasts) more important than competition.
• Selection at the social level demonstrated
  empirically (Wilson) after years of denial.
• Fitness (which meant suitability, or
  robustness) had to be redefined as reproductive
  ability, so it is tautological and meaningless.
• Selfish gene concept is illogical (no self),
  false (control genes determine gene expression),
  and it is being abandoned by its proponents.
• Malthusian predictions refuted by concomitant
  increase in population and standard of living for
  two centuries.

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RECUR-RENCE PLOTS
Bios
Chaos
EMBED-ING PLOTS
Series Shuffled copy
Y AXIS RECURRENCE ISOMETRY
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Canadian Lynx
Complexes
Novelty
Diversification
Isometry
S.D.
Embeddings
Embeddings
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American Red Fox
Complexes
Novelty
Isometry
Diversification
S.D.
Embeddings
Embeddings
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American beaver
Complexes
Novelty
Diversification
S.D.
Isometry
Embeddings
Embeddings
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Atlantic Salmon
Complexes
Novelty
Diversification
Isometry
S.D.
Embeddings
Embeddings
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American Muskrat
Complexes
Novelty
Diversification
Isometry
S.D.
Embeddings
Embeddings
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Finland Vole
Complexes
Diversification
Isometry
S.D.
Embeddings
Embeddings
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In population dynamic studies Partial
autocorrelation and pattern in the series of
differences, and partial autocorrelation in the
series, demonstrate deterministic causation
exclude pure randomness Diversification and
novelty signify creation exclude chaos and
periodicity
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Biotic pattern in a multi-agent simulation of a
prey-predator hierarchy with 3 levels
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What produces bios?
In dynamics A(t1) k t sin(A(t))
A(t) Action recursion A(t1) Bipolar
opposition trigonometric function sin(A(t))
Connection conservation addition of
consecutive terms A(t)
In nature, universal components are Physical
action (Planck quantum) Charge (bipolar) Matter
(connected in spacetime)
In mathematics universal components are Lattice
(asymmetric and transitive as action) Group
(bipolar opposition (group) Topology
(connectivity)
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Biotic generators Mathematical A(t1)
sin(A(t) t) A(t) physical action recursion
A(t1) bipolar opposition sin (A(t))
connection A(t) Cardiac physical action
action potential and contraction
bipolar opposition sympathetic and
parasympathetic inputs connection cardiac
conduction
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Bios Theory of Evolution Cosmological
physical action quantum bipolar opposition
electrical charge, Schrödinger wave function,
connection matter nucleation and
conservation Biological physical action
energy flow from sun bipolar opposition
sexual procreation, cooperation and
competition connection genetic
transmission, mixing and exchange
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Major factors in Biological Evolution Action
behavior determines gene expression (I.e
transcription and translation) and thereby
phenotype, and reproductive ability (called
fitness). Opposition Competition (Darwin)
and cooperation (Kropotkin) symbiosis,
endosymbiosis (mitochondria, chloroplasts).
Abundance and scarcity (Malthus, Darwin, standard
economics). Malthus predictions refuted
empirically. Progress and extinction.
Connectedness in spacetime Sexual exchange
(Linnaeus), genetic inheritance (Mendel), gene
exchange (Margulis). Interchange of materials
(e.g. intestinal flora).
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• BIOS THEORY OF EVOLUTION
• Cosmological and biological evolution are driven
  by generic dynamics
• 1. Action (self-energizing, causal, unipolar) not
  chance (reversible, external, meaningless)
• 2. Bipolar opposition (electrical charge,
  cooperation and competition, abundance and
  scarcity, sex) not unipolar competition for
  scarce resources
• 3. Tripolar nucleation (color nuclear force)
• 4. Connectedness in spacetime, not isolated
  events
• N. Creative, not determined, multipolar,
  modifiable by its complex products (e.g. brains)
  not only by simple survival of the fittest.

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BIOS THEORY OF EVOLUTION Priority of the simple
simpler life forms provide materials (e.g.
aminoacids, vitamins), components (e.g. genes,
mitochondria) and environmental conditions (e.g.
oxygen atmosphere). Supremacy of the complex
complex social behaviors central to selection
(selection at social level demonstrated
empirically, at variance with Neo-Darwinism). Ove
rall Progress from simple to complex, accompanied
by limited involution. Homology same 4 physical
forces (electromagnetic, color, weak,
gravitation), same generic mathematical forms
(lattice, group, topology), and same generic
patterns (1/f, chaos, bios) at physical,
biological, human levels of organization.
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BIOS THEORY Priority of physical action and
supremacy of biotic creation Unipolar action
action energy time (causal, self-propelled,
asymmetric). Bipolar Information electrical
coding of information in molecules, brains,
computers opposites at all levels dialectic
logic. Tridimensional nucleation
chromodynamics (atomic nuclei formed by color
force) macroscopic space triadic categories.
Four dimensional expansion Relativity theory
spacetime time flow spatial expansion of the
universe expansive, life-like (biotic) pattern
in quantum, cosmological, and economic
processes Biotic creation action bipolar
feedback connectedness produces expansion,
novelty, evolving pattern and non-random
complexity (bios) Dimensiogenesis generation of
chemical, biological and informational dimensions
beyond physical dimensions. Infinite Attractor
From elementary particles to brains to ?
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BIOS THEORY OF EVOLUTION MATHEMATICAL
CORRELATES Lattice, group and topology as mother
structures of mathematics (Bourbaki) and similar
to basic Piagets cognitive structures 1.
Unipolar action Lattice (discreteness, asymmetry
and transitivity, as action quanta and numerical
quantity) 2. Bipolar Information Mathematical
group (inverse as opposition closed operation as
communication). Information 2 values 3.
Tridimensional nucleation Topology
connectedness and bifurcations. Geometry 3
dimensions 4. Four dimensional expansion
Einstein Field Equations (curved space) Biotic
creation bipolar feedback with 4 or more values
produces bios Dimensiogenesis Priority of
simple and supremacy of complex attractor
Infinite Attractor Cantors mathematical
concept of Divinity as infinity
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• Standard View order out of randomness
• Quantum level is probabilistic
• Cosmological level is stationary random
• Biological variation generated by random
  mutations
• Biological organization is similar to physical
  order
• Random (maximum complexity) ? Order
• Bios Theory organization out of order
• Processes at all levels are causal and creative
• Lattice, group and topological organization of
  physical processes cause evolution
• Novel organization (non-recurrent) opposite to
  recurrent order
• Order (simple) ? Non-random complexity

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Bios Theory of Evolution organization out of
order
All processes are by necessity molded by
necessary mathematical relations lattice, group,
and topology. The asymmetry of time embodies
lattice order Coexistence of positive (synergy,
mutualism) and negative (predation, competition)
interactions embody group symmetry (oppositions
group inverse) Cosmic, Biotic and Interpersonal
webs embody topological connectedness Recursions
abstracting these features are sufficient to
generate steady states, cycles, chaos and bios.
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BIOS THEORY

• Physical, biological, and human evolution
• are the necessary consequence of
• Causal actions (not random change)
• Bipolar feedback (both synergic and antagonistic
  interactions)
• Connectedness in space time of and at all levels
  of organization (Bios is generated by quantum
  equations only if mass is conserved)

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Bios Theory organization out of
order Mathematical order creates biotic
organization. Biological organization is novel
(less recurrent than random). Simple order is
recurrent (more repetitive than random).
Standard view order out of chaos Variation is
random. Biological organization is order.
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• BIOS THEORY OF EVOLUTION
• Bios theory fosters healthy human action and
  discourages irresponsible and anti-social
  behavior by stressing that evolution is
• Causal, not chance, and creative, not determined
  
• Bipolar opposition not unipolar scarcity
  (economic austerity and competition promote
  misery)
• Connectedness in spacetime not isolated events
• Progressive from simple to complex social
  implications
• Highly sensitive to initial conditions
  modifiable by human action
• Not determined by bottom line issues like
  survival
• Directed by complex (information-rich) products
  including reason and healthy emotions
• Current theories highly distorted by ideologies
  (selfish genes, survival of the fittest, women
  inferiority, stress on aggression, denial of
  increase in complexity, nationalistic
  vilification of Lamarck)

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Creation out of order The birth of Venus, the
Spirit of Love, from waves offers an interesting
metaphor for the creation of life from bipolar
change.
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Hector Sabelli

• RECENT PUBLICATIONS
• Sabelli, H. and L. Kovacevic. Quantum Bios and
  Biotic Complexity in the Distribution of
  Galaxies. Complexity 2006.
• Sabelli, H. and L. Carlson-Sabelli. Bios, a
  Process Approach to Living System Theory. Systems
  Research and Behavioral Science 2005.
• Sabelli, H. et al Bios Data Analyzer. Nonlinear
  Dynamics, Psychology and the Life Sciences 2005.

B I O S
a Study of
Creation
World Scientific