Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia
Onset - late adolescent and early
adulthood Symptoms - delusions -
inappropriate affect - hallucinations -
incoherent thought - odd behavior (extreme -
catatonia)
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• Causes
• Genetic - some role
• Suceptibility idea
• - environment plays some role
• - flu (or related virus) in 2nd trimester?
• - the latitude effect
• - the seasonality effect
• (born in feb to may - slight increase)

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Dopamine hypothesis Chlorpromazine - surgical
antihistamine - blocks DA receptors -
neuroleptics Refinement - D2 receptors most
important too much dopamine - schizophrenic
behavior Block dopamine - schizophrenia gets
better Too much dopamine? - no evidence too
many receptors - some evidence (but changes
due to treatment?) - more sensitive to dopamine
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- ventral tegmental area - just above S.N.
(mesocortical - mesolimbic system) - nucleus
accumbens - receives dopamine from here -
perhaps screwed up systems rewards bad thoughts
and behaviors - process gets worse and
worse - or VTA -gt prefontal area -gt Limbic
system - damage to prefontal cortex (which
INHIBITS Limbic system) - hypoactivity of
prefrontal cortex (PET Studies) - hyperactivity
in limibc system (goes wild - no inhibition) -
amygdala - emotion - increased activity of
dopamine system in temporal lobe positive
symptoms negative mental symptoms negative
physical symptoms - the other dopamine system
- basal ganglia - brain damage - enlarged
ventricles
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