CEA

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Sustainable Hydrogen
Varsovie
6 8 Octobre 2004
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Why hydrogen ?
Because
Greenhouse Effect that warms up the planet with
all the subsequent climatic desorders (overheat
waves, hurricanes, desertification...
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Depletion of the fossile fuel reserves and all
the political and economic, tension it will
induce.
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It can be a way of stocking electricity from
intermittent renewable sources (wind, solar).
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It can be a substitute for gasoline as a fuel for
cars, trucks and plane giving only water on
burning in I.C.E.
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It is a good fuel for fuel-cells generating heat
and electrictricity.
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Production of hydrogen
To avoid Greenhouse Effect and to spare fossile
fuels reserves we will try to produce hydrogen
from water or from biomass using none CO2
producing source of energy
This can be done by
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Sustainable Hydrogen
Nuclear Reactor Fission/Fusion

Biomass LIGNOCELLULOSIS

Water
C6H8O4
?
?
H2
e-
e-
Thermolysis
Electrolysis Thermo Cycle
CO H2 Syngas
?
e-
H2
Transport Storage
Renewable Energies
Fisher Tropsh Synthesis
Biofuel
ICE
Fuel Cell
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Very high temperature Reactor VHTR
VHTR Goals
? Passive Safety 600 MWth T He ? 1000 C
Thermal neutrons ? Hydrogen production 200
Mt/day H2 (? ? 50 ), 300,000 gallons of
gasoline per day Water splitting with
thermo-chemical cycle or High Temperature
Electrolysis ? Deployment in 2030 35 (NGNP by
2017)