ETCWDC

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• Why is there a GAW world data centre at CCU?
• What does the World Data Centre for Aerosols do?
• What will it do in the future?

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Why is there a GAW world data centre at CCU?

• Some Acronyms
• GEO Group on Earth Observations (2002 World
  Summit on Sustainable Development G8)
  co-ordinates efforts to build GEOSS.
• GEOSS Global Earth Observation System of
  Systems components covering Disasters Health
  Energy Climate Agriculture Ecosystems
  Biodiversity Weather
• GCOS Global Climate Observing System
  established 1992 (WMO, IOC, UNEP, ICSU) adopted
  as the climate observation component of GEOSS.
  GCOS calls for systematic observations of ECVs to
  serve needs of UNFCCC IPCC.
• ECVs Essential Climate Variables 44 variables
  plus soil moisture needed to describe the
  climate.
• WMO/GAW World Meteorological Organisation Global
  Atmosphere Watch Aerosol Network is the GCOS
  network for Aerosol Properties ECV.
• WDCA is the World Data Centre for the WMO/GAW
  Aerosol Network. WDCA is one of principal direct
  actions by the European Commission (as opposed to
  indirectly supported through project funding)
  that supports GCOS.

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Why Essential Climate Variables

1 Including nitrous oxide (N2O),
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbo
ns (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), sulphur
hexafluoride (SF6), and perfluorocarbons
(PFCs). 2 Includes runoff (m3 s-1), ground
water extraction rates (m3 yr-1) and location,
snow cover extent (km2) and duration, snow depth
(cm), glacier/ice cap inventory and mass balance
(kg m-2 yr-1), glacier length (m), ice sheet mass
balance (kg m-2 yr-1) and extent (km2),
permafrost extent (km2), temperature profiles and
active layer thickness, above ground biomass
(t/ha), burnt area (ha), date and location of
active fire, burn efficiency (vegetation
burned/unit area). 3 Recognized as an
emerging Essential Climate Variable (not part of
the 44).
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Why Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW)

• GAW established in 1989 by the Eleventh World
  Meteorological Congress (Cg-XI) as a major
  priority program. The mission of GAW is
• make reliable, comprehensive observations of the
  chemical composition and selected physical
  characteristics of the atmosphere on global and
  regional scales
• provide the scientific community with the means
  to predict future atmospheric states
• organize assessments in support of formulating
  environmental policy
• Comprises five measurement programs Ozone UV,
  GHGs Reactive Gases, Precipitation Chemistry,
  Aerosols Solar radiation.

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What GAW
SAG Aerosol, chairman (until 2009) Dr. Urs
Baltensperger (PSI, CH) (WCC) for Physical
Aerosol Instrumentation Dr. Ali Wiedensohler
(IfT, DE) GAWTEC IV, VI, VIII, Schneefernhaus,
Zugspitze etc. WDC Aerosols (IES JRC,
IT) http//wdca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
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What GAW Aerosol Program

• The SAG Aerosol recommends that the GAW aerosol
  program include
• for regional stations any one, or more of the
  following
• optical depth
• mass (preferably in two size fractions)
• major chemical components in two size fractions
• light scattering coefficient
• for global stations as many as possible of the
  following
• optical depth
• mass in two size fractions
• major chemical components in two size fractions
• light scattering hemispheric backscattering
  coefficients at various wavelength
• light absorption coefficient
• aerosol number concentration
• cloud condensation nuclei number concentration at
  0.5 supersaturation
• diffuse, global and direct solar radiation
• intermittently
• aerosol size distribution detailed size
  fractionated chemical composition dependence of
  aerosol properties on relative humidity CCN
  spectra at various supersaturations LIDAR
  measurements and other altitude profiles.

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What WDCA activities
Data Submission Data and Metadata Format NARSTO
data exchange standard (DES) extended CSV.
NARSTO DES includes all the file metadata.
Additional files provide more detailed
information. Submission Data are sent by ftp or
email Quality Analysis at WDCA NARSTO quality
analysis system checks conformity with the DES
and internal integrity of the data. QA summary
added to each file archived, only posted to ftp
site when no errors/warnings.
Data Retrieval Procedure Data available online
from WDCA server and ftp. Data also supplied by
email Catalogue Static map based catalogue on
WDCA server Archive Both NARSTO and non-NARSTO
archives accessible via ftp. Data Data in NARSTO
DES format. Data usage free scientific use,
acknowledgement of data originator for
substantive use.
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What NARSTO Data Exchange Standard

• WDCA uses the NARSTO Data Exchange Standard both
  for submission and distribution of data
  extended comma separated value ASCII format
• data files can either be prepared in a
  spreadsheet, e.g. using the free excel template,
  or by scripts/programs, depending on data
  management at a particular site.
• The NARSTO DES is used by EPA, MSC, IMPROVE in
  the N. America, WDCA is an output option for
  NILU/EMEP (Co-ordinated data submission for
  european sites).
• The Data Exchange Standard has been used for
  exchanging aerosol physical and chemical data
  from aerosol chemistry to single particle
  analysis.
• It is supported by a quality assurance science
  centre http//cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/programs/NARSTO/
  narsto.html and each user community has its own
  quality assurance centre, WDCA in the case of
  GAW.
• Attempts to ensure that ALL relevant meta-data
  for informed use of data now in future are
  available together with the data ideal for long
  term archive such as WDCA

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What NARSTO File Structure, Metadata!
HEADER FLAGS SITE DATA
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What NARSTO Flags

• Every data record is required to have a quality
  flag
• Only report valid (V1) or qualified valid (V2-V7)
  values
• Invalid values set to missing, avoids their
  inadvertent use

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What Data sets available
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What Data sets available
AOD
Chem. Composition
CN
Size dist.
Lscat Bscat
Labs
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What Global station situation nov 2006
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What Global station situation Dec 2008
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What Users
File downloads from external addresses. 4x
increase from summer 2007 to winter 2008 as a
result of increased data availability.
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What Next

• AOD metadata portal Chryssa Doxani
• Data products, not just data sets in first
  instance NARSTO QA reports
• Enhance data submission for the slower global
  stations, twinning with an active station and
  or SAG member to get them to submit data
  regularly.

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What next AOD Metadata Portal

• international
• AERONET including AEROCAN, PHOTONS
• BSRN
• GAW-PFR
• Skynet
• national
• US networks including ARM, SURFRAD, ESRL, USDA
  
• Australia BOM
• JMA
• China
• KNMI (Netherlands, Surinam)
• FMI
• DWD
• CHARM (Meteosuisse)
• SIBNET (Russia)

NASA AERONET AOD network (B. Holben,GSFC)
Other AOD networks (C. Wehrli, WRRC)
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What next AOD Metadata portal

• Chryssa has
• Collected metadata for GAW non-GAW AOD networks
  e.g. AERONET, Skynet.
• Built a relational database (Access).
• Cold fusion interface to web pages.
• Database structure is generic so it can
  accommodate non AOD-metadata (stage II)
• Interface to the WDCA web pages search for AOD
  data by criteria e.g. country, WMO region,
  latitude longitude etc.
• Search returns details of data sets their
  locations.

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What next NARSTO QA reports
summary reports summary statistics time
series overlaid time-series
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What now The Cake Recipe

• Rasins, Sultanas, Currants, Cherries, Candied
  peel
• Almonds Walnut,
• Muscovado sugar, black treacle,
• Butter, Eggs,
• Flour
• Marzipan,
• Icing
• a little brandy..
• Happy Christmas!