Unit 3: Geology

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Unit 3 Geology
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Unit 3 Geology

• Mapping the World
• Geologic Time
• Composition of the Earth
• Plate Tectonics
• Volcanoes
• Earthquakes

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A. Mapping the World

• Latitude and Longitude
• Time Zones

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B. Geologic Time

• Geologic Time Scale
• The Rock Record

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C. Composition of the Earth

• Matter and Atomic Structure
• Minerals
• Igneous Rocks
• Sedimentary Rocks
• Metamorphic Rocks
• Anatomy of Earth

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D. Plate Tectonics

• Continental Drift
• Seafloor Spreading
• Theory of Plate Tectonics

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E. Volcanoes

• Magma
• Intrusive Activity
• Volcanoes

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F. Earthquakes

• Forces within Earth
• Seismic Waves
• Measuring Earthquakes
• Earthquakes and Society

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Unit 3 Geology

• Mapping the World
• Geologic Time
• Composition of the Earth
• Plate Tectonics
• Volcanoes
• Earthquakes

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A. Mapping the World

• Latitude and Longitude
• Cartography
• The science of map making
• Cartos Map (Greek), -graphy to draw

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Latitude is

• Imaginary lines running parallel to the equator
• The distance in degrees north and south of the
  equator
• The equator is the reference point for all lines
  of latitude and is defined as 0 latitude.

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Longitude is

• Imaginary lines that locate positions in east and
  west directions.
• The distance in degrees east or west of the Prime
  Meridian, which is the reference point for
  longitude.
• The prime meridian represents 0 longitude.

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Degrees of Latitude

• Each degree of latitude is approximately 111
  kilometers (50 miles) on Earths surface.
• Question 1
• How many miles is 22 of latitude?
• Question 2
• If you travel 800 miles south of the equator
  right along the Prime Meridian, what exactly are
  your coordinates?

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Degrees of Latitude

• Question 3
• If you travel from 33N, 104W to 30S, 104W, in
  which direction are you traveling?
• Question 4
• What are the coordinates for the following 3
  major cities Sydney, New York, and Mexico City?

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Anatomy of the World
North Pole (90N)
Tropic of Cancer (23.5N)
Equator (0)
Tropic of Capricorn (23.5S)
South Pole (90S)
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2. Time Zones

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Time Zones in the U.S.

• Wide countries are often split into multiple time
  zones.
• The U.S. has six time zones including Alaska and
  Hawaii

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Time Zone Fact

• Every time zone is roughly 15 wide.

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Time Zones

• Question 5
• If it is 5 pm on Friday, June 21, in Madagascar,
  Africa, what time and day is it in Juneau,
  Alaska?
• Question 6
• Suppose city X is 75 west of city Y. When it is
  1100 P.M. in city X, what time is it likely to
  be in city Y?

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Juneau
13 hour difference
Madagascar500 PM
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Time Zones

• Question 7
• Why is it that time zones are affected by
  longitude and not by latitude?