Forest Cover Change and Characteristics

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Forest Cover Change and Characteristics Implementa
tion Team David L. Skole and Iwan
Gunawan Michigan State University, USA BPPT,
Indonesia
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Implementation Science and Policy Drivers

• Global change research
• carbon cycle
• biodiversity
• LUCC
• Framework Convention on Climate Change and the
  Kyoto Protocol
• Forest management, inventory, and assessment at
  national and region levels
• Function end-use of forest attributes,
  biodiversity, ecological health, etc.

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Forest cover characteristics and changes

• Combines global coverage at coarse resolution
  with targeted coverage at fine resolution
• Wall-to-wall coverage of vegetated land every 5
  years
• Sophisticated data acquisition strategy using
  coarse resolution optical (250 m - 1 km), fixed
  and pointable fine resolution optical (20-30 m),
  and microwave sensors
• Forest cover characteristics leaf type, leaf
  longevity, per-cent canopy cover, canopy height
• Forest cover change forest to non-forest,
  non-forest to forest, and no change.

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Land/Forest Cover Classification Scheme
may be revised to include more non-forest
classes, continuous fields
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Forest Change Classes
may be revised
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End-to-end

• It will be important to tie products to end
  users needs.
• It will be important to tie to regional networks
  for national needs
• it will be important to tie to international
  programs, e.g. FAO for global applications

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• Forest Cover Characteristics
• (Centrally coordinated data acquisition/regionally
  executed processing and information extraction)

Preprocessing
Information Extraction

• Coarse Resolution
• AVHRR
• VEGETATION
• MODIS
• MERIS
• GLI
• WiFS
• Fine Resolution
• TM/ETM
• HRV/HRVIR
• LISS
• SAR
• ERS
• JERS
• RADARSAT
• Airborne and in-situ data

Coordinated Data Acquisition

• Land Cover (coarse res.)
• Water
• Various non-forest
• Forest
• Forest characteristics
• (fine and coarse res.)
• Leaf type (broad/needle)
• Leaf longevity (deciduous/evergreen)
• Canopy cover
• Canopy height
• Flooded Forest

Five year Cycle
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Forest Cover Changes(Centrally coordinated data
acquisition/regionally executed processing and
info. extraction)
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Conceptual Approach
Acquisition of primary observations
Framework for development of Products

• Space-based acq.strategy
• Coupled in-situ strategy
• areas, freq, etc.

• Technical R and D
• User requirements
• Networks facilities
• cal/val

Packaging of Products -- to users

• Information systems
• User needs
• Data Bundling

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Strategic Acquisition

• Multi-tiered, with focus on areas of rapid change
• Combination of wall-to-wall inventory with
  stratified sampling
• Considers inter-annual variability
• Will require significant acquisition tasking and
  gap filling, which will likely imply multi-sensor
  design

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Example Acquisition Strategy for High Resolution
Data
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Fractional Cover Modeling (VGT4 image)
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Fractional Cover Modeling (VGT-fc)
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New Products for precision detection of
degradation
Logging patios
Dirt road
ETM Multispectral
ETM With sharpening
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High resolution fractional cover assessment
50-60
80
100
60-80
Site 2 Color composite
Site 2 Fractional Cover
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Site 2 Color composite
Site 2 Fractional Cover
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Fractional Cover Map Product
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ETM
IKONOS
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IKONOS
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Validation of advanced products
ETM fc Map
IKONOS fc Map
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Validation -- Statistical Analysis
Full Density Range
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Fractional forest cover changes in Asia
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Importance of Regional Networks

• Information creation and delivery through
  regional participation will be needed
• in-country creation of value-added products
• calibration of satellite data
• validation of products
• integration of in situ data
• Twinning between regional programs, e.g. START,
  FAO, and GOFC data partners/providers/science
  centers, e.g. NASA centers

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Regional Network
SE Asia network gathered at GOFC meeting in Bogor
Indonesia, January 2000.
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Landsat Data February 1999
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1989
1996
1999



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The Web-GIS Problematique

• GIS on the web has not been done yet! Feasture
  servers are coming!
• Most work focuses on map display and map merge
• Open GIS deployed the Web Mapping Testbed,
  demonstrated standards for networked map servers
  and map integrators
• Does not create new maps using spatially enabled
  analyses
• 400.35 is GIS !
• Problem 1 How do we use networks to connect
  users to databases
• Problem 2 How do we create an interoperable,
  open, networked solution to map overlay and merge
• Problem 3 How do we create an open solution for
  map generation and spatially-enabled analyses
  on-line
• Problem 4 How do we enable technologies which
  serve both science users and the lay public
  democratization of information.

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Technology Developments

• TCSTM runs in a distributed environment

Data Server MSU
Data Server JPL
TCS Map Server MSU (NT)
Data Server NASDA
Client Anywhere
Internet
Internet
Data Server SEARIN (NT)
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TCS Client
HTML, Java, XML
Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
Unix-Sun
Unix-SGI
SDE
SDE
Oracle RDBMS
Oracle RDBMS
eroc.nasda.jp
worldforest.geo.msu.edu
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Access to Landsat 7

• USGS-EDC Portal
• Automated compilation of EDC browse products
• Upper Great Lakes Region (and beyond)
• Public access and data brokering

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