By Charung Muangchana MD, Ph'D'

1
Update on H1N1 2009 Vaccine Development

• By Charung Muangchana MD, Ph.D.
• National Vaccine Committee Office (NVCO)
• July 26, 2009

2
Introduction

• WHO stated that a fully licensed swine flu
  vaccine might not be available until the end of
  2009
• Preparation of a vaccine against a new strain
  of flu is nothing new, but limitations on
  production capacity
• Only producing about half as much "yield" as
  expected
• Vaccine producers can normally produce about a
  billion doses of any single vaccine each year, so
  that "there would still be a huge global
  shortfall
• Countries which produce vaccines, 70 percent of
  which are in Europe, will delay sending swine flu
  vaccines to other countries as they may come
  under "tremendous pressure to protect their own
  citizens first," note some experts, even if it
  meant breaking contracts with purchasing nations

3

• Two injections will be required 3 wks apart for
  the swine flu and a third will be needed for
  seasonal flu to provide maximum immunity
• Children younger than 9 yrs old will need 4
  shots
• One shot probably gives little immunity, 10 to
  20 at most
• People older than age 50 may have some immunity
  from prior exposures to a similar virus, and will
  only need one shot
• The seasonal flu vaccine is not believed to
  protect against the new strain

4
Clinical trial in USA

• Medical institutes across the United States will
  begin human trials for a new H1N1 flu vaccine
  starting in early August.
• After eight days their blood will be checked and
  after 21 days they will receive another dose.
• The clinical trials will enroll as many as 1,000
  adults and children at 10 centers nationwide.
• The trials will measure the safety and
  effectiveness of the vaccine.

5
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6
Clinical trial in Australia

• Melbourne-based company CSL Ltd. plans to test a
  vaccine for the H1N1 virus on 240 volunteers on
  July 30.
• The test will be conducted on healthy adults
  between the ages of 18-64.
• Participants will receive two shots three weeks
  apart and will undergo blood tests to determine
  if they are generating an appropriate immune
  response to the virus.

7
Vaccine trial in Thailand

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8
??????????????????????????? 2009
??????????????????? ?????????
LAIVLive-attenuated influenza vaccine
9
Target group for H1N1 vaccine

• All countries should immunize (1) health care
  workers in the first block of the necessary
  Health infrastructure.
• Expert group recommends the following for
  consideration noting that countries need to
  consider the importance of specific orders from
  the conditions
• (2) pregnant women (especially 2nd 3rd
  trimester)increase risk of severe disease
• (3) Aged over 6 months with a variety of chronic
  medical conditions including morbid obesityto
  reduce morbidity mortality
• (4) Healthy young adults 15 to 49 yearsto reduce
  morbidity mortality
• (5) Healthy children to reduce transmission
• (6) Healthy adults 50 to 64 years to reduce
  morbidity mortality
• (7) healthy adults 65 years and above to reduce
  morbidity mortality

SAGEs recommendations, July 7, 2009