Albert Einstein

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Albert Einstein
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March 14, 1879

• Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany

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1884

• Einstein saw a wonder when he was four or five
  years old a magnetic compass.
• The needle's northward swing, guided by an
  invisible force, impressed him.
• The compass convinced him that there had to be
  "something behind things, something deeply
  hidden."

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Albert as a Student

• Einstein knew, from then on, that he wanted to
  teach math and Science at a University someday.
• The problem was, he wasnt a very good test-taker
  and could not get a job at a University because
  of it.
• Rumor has it that he had even failed a Math test,
  but some people question that because of the way
  grades were assigned back then.

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1905

• Albert Einstein develops his Special Theory of
  Relativity.
• He did this while working as a Patent Clerk in
  Germany.
• He wasnt really even a scientist at the time.

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Einsteins Special Theory of Relativity

• Relative to who is watching, space and time are
  transformed near the speed of light distances
  appear to stretch and clocks tick more slowly.
• clock

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Einsteins Special Theory of Relativity

• Einsteins theory meant that Newtons Laws needed
  to be modified.
• gravity
• Space and time are not absolute - and the
  universe we live in is not actually the one
  Newton "discovered.
• spacetime

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Einstein Continued his Genius in 1905

• Einstein uses the idea that light exists as tiny
  packets, or particles, that we now call photons.
• His work anchors the most shocking idea in
  twentieth century science we live in a universe
  built out of tiny bits of energy and matter.

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Einstein Continued his Genius in 1905

• Next, in April and May, Einstein publishes two
  papers.
• In one he invents a new method of counting and
  determining the size of the atoms or molecules in
  a given space.
• In the other he explains the phenomenon of
  Brownian motion.
• The net result is a proof that atoms actually
  exist - still an issue at that time.

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Einstein Continued his Genius in 1905

• And then, in June, Einstein completes special
  relativity - which adds a twist to the story
  special relativity sees light as particles and a
  continuous field of waves.

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Einstein Continued his Genius in 1905

• And of course, Einstein isn't finished. Later in
  1905 comes the most famous relationship in
  physics emc2.
• The energy content of a body is equal to the mass
  of the body times the speed of light squared.
• At first, even Einstein does not understand the
  full implications of his formula.

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1907

• In 1907, Einstein begins to apply the laws of
  gravity to his Special Theory of Relativity.
• In 1911, he finally gets a job as a Professor of
  Physics at the German University.

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1910-1913

• In 1910, Einstein addressed a basic question
  "Why is the sky blue?" He approached the problem
  by looking at the effect of the scattering of
  light by individual molecules in the atmosphere.
• In 1913, Einstein begins work on his new Theory
  of Gravity.

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1915

• Einstein completes his General Theory of
  Relativity.
• Einstein challenged the way the world thought
  about gravity and Sir Isaac Newton himself - by
  describing gravity as the warping of space-time,
  not a force acting at a distance.

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Einsteins new Theory of Gravity
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1919

• A solar eclipse proves Einstein right, and he
  becomes an overnight celebrity.
• An experiment had confirmed that light rays from
  the sun were deflected by the gravity of the sun
  in just the amount Einstein had predicted in his
  theory of gravity, General Relativity.

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1921

• Albert Einstein is awarded the Nobel Prize "for
  his services to Theoretical Physics, and
  especially for his discovery of the law of the
  photoelectric effect"

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1928

• Einstein begins pursuing his idea of a unifying
  theory that ties everything in the universe
  together.

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1933

• Einstein and his wife, Elsa, escape Nazi Germany
  and set sail for the United States.

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1939

• World War II begins.
• Einstein writes a now famous letter to President
  Franklin D. Roosevelt urging nuclear research and
  warning him of Germanys building of an atomic
  bomb.

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Einsteins Contribution

• Between 1905 to 1925, Einstein changed the
  worlds understanding of nature on every scale,
  from the smallest organism to the whole universe.
  
• Now, a century after he began to make his mark,
  we are still exploring Einstein's universe.
• The problems he could not solve remain the ones
  that define the cutting edge, the most
  tantalizing and compelling.

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Einsteins Contribution

• Einstein continued to his dying days, trying to
  figure out a single central theory that explained
  everything in the universe.
• An extension of his work has become known as
  String Theory, which says that everything in the
  universe is made up of tiny strings of energy.

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April 18, 1955

• Albert Einstein dies of Heart Failure.
• This is a picture of his last blackboard.

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Famous Einstein Quotes

• "Anyone who has never made a mistake has never
  tried anything new."
• "If A equals success, then the formula is
  AXYZ. X is work. Y is play. Z is keep your
  mouth shut."

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Thank You Mr. Einstein!