Plants: Roots, Stems, Leaves

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Plants Roots, Stems, Leaves

• Students will be able to describe the aspects of
  roots, stems, and leaves and their impact on our
  daily lives.

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Plants

• Plants and Animals interact on a daily basis.
• Plants are used by animals for food.
• Plants are used to make the oxygen necessary for
  animals to breathe.
• Plants are different from animals, however their
  cells do contain a nucleus.

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Plants The Root

• The root is a very important part of the plant
  and it has the following functions
• To help grip the plant to the soil.
• To absorb water and minerals from the soil.
• To store food.
• To propagate or make new plants.

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Plants The Roots

• The typical root has four parts
• Primary root- Grows downward and is the thickest.
• Secondary root- Connected to the primary root,
  they are smaller and grow to the side.
• Root cap- Protects the root and allows it to
  drill through the soil.

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Plants The Roots

• 4) Root hairs- absorb water and nutrients from
  the soil.
• Some of the food we eat are plant roots-
• Potatoes
• Carrots
• Onions
• Beets

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Plants The Stem

• The stem has two primary functions
• Maintain the flowers and leaves at a certain
  distance from the soil.
• Carry the nutrients and water.

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Plants The Stem

• The stem has several different parts
• Main stem- The most important stem, it is the
  stem that is most easily identified (trunk of a
  tree).
• Secondary stem- Smalls stems that grow from the
  main stem (tree branches).
• Nodes- Bulges in the stems were leaves grow.

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Plants The Stem

• Internodes- Spaces between the nodes.
• We do eat plant stems
• Celery
• Asparagus
• Sugar Cane

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Plants The Buds

• Buds are responsible for plant growth. Buds can
  either be new stems, leaves, or flowers.
• Buds are three parts
• Main terminal bud- The bud in charge of the
  upward growth of the plant.
• Secondary terminal buds- Come from secondary
  stems, they make the secondary stems grow.

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Plants The Buds

• 3) Lateral buds- Are on the stem nodes, leaves
  and flowers grown from them.
• We do eat buds from plants-
• Artichokes
• Cabbage

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Plants The Leaves

• The leaves are probably the most important aspect
  of the plant, because they are in charge of
  photosynthesis.
• There are many different sizes and shapes of
  leaves but leaves tend to have the same parts.

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Plants The Leaves

• 1) The Blade- The expanded part of the leaf.
  When people think of a leaf or draw a leaf it is
  usually the blade.
• Veins- Wrinkles or pipes in the leaves, the
  central vein is called the midrib.
• 2) The Petiole- Connects the stem to the blade.
  Not every leaf has a petiole and are called
  stalkless.

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Plants The Seeds

• Seeds are necessary for some plants to reproduce.
• Each seed has several parts
• Embryo- the little plant
• Endosperm- food supply in the seed
• Seed Coat- outer layer of the seed

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Gymnosperms

• Gymnosperms (naked seed)- cone bearing plants
  are gymnosperms.
• Pinophyta - Conifers
• Ginkgophyta - Ginkgo
• Cycadophyta - Cycads
• Gnetophyta - Gnetum, Ephedra, Welwitschia

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Angiosperms

• Plants that produce flowers or fruits are called
  angiosperms (flowering plants).
• Most species on the planet are angiosperms.

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Plants The Seeds

• We do eat the seeds or fruits of plants-
• Apples
• Oranges
• Beans
• Grains
• Nuts
• Spices

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