DKO Quality Determining Factors in Commercial Plantation Forestry

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Unit 17761

• DKO Quality Determining Factors in Commercial
  Plantation Forestry

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Element 1

• Operations idntified by name described by
  function
• Sequence of tending operations, timing and
  purpose
• Forest management considerations explained

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Sustainable Forest Cycle
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1 Land Prep
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1 Land Prepration

• Remove or kill vegetation
• Improve access
• Remove harvest debris
• Cultivation

• Mechanical
• V blade
• Spot mound
• Rip and mound
• Rotary slash
• Agrichemical
• Aerial broadspray
• Knapsack
• Burning
• Manual c/saw, slasher

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Seedling Preparation

• Top seedlings for hardening and packaging
• Uplift seedlings from nursery
• Trim roots
• Package into cartons or bags
• Transport to planting site

• Prepare seedling for outplanting
• Transport seedling to planting site

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Planting

• Establish forest crop

• Same day as lifting if possible
• Check stock for quality
• Check prescription for specs

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Fertilising

• Check prescription
• Check correct fertiliser
• Check equipment
• Bulk quantity
• Measuring cups

• Improve fertility of planting site
• Correct imbalances of soil nutrient
• Improve health of forest crop

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Releasing

• Allow forest crop to stay ahead of competing
  vegetation
• Selective herbicide treats everything but the
  crop
• Manual
• Mechanical
• Aerial

• Calibrate equipment
• Prescription
• Safety clothing
• Mixing sites
• Safety

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Pruning

• Removal of lower branches of tree
• Clearwood
• Selection (sometimes)
• Added value
• Expensive

• Loppers
• Hand saw
• Chainsaw
• DOS vs prune height vs timing
• 3 stages ultra high

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Thinning (see page 92)

• Undesirable trees removed from crop
• Once thinned cannot be undone
• Thin to waste
• Production thin

• Allows crop trees to get ahead
• Final Selection?
• Left to rot under crop trees recycled
• Removed for posts, poles and pulp ????

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Felling

• Cut crop trees in preparation for extraction

• Cut to allow maximum value from crop
• Directional felling safety, damage, extraction
  direction

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Extraction

• Remove felled trees from site to be made into raw
  log products

• Drag trees to landing
• Minimise damage to stem

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Transportation

• Load raw log products onto trucks
• Transport logs to customer or port

• Road
• Rail
• Access
• Weather
• Legal requirements

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NZ Forest Code Of Practice
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Land Prep Considerations

• Timing
• Cost
• Soil
• Mechinery avalibility
• Chemical active period
• Notes on burning
• Environmental

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Personnel Rqmt Considerations

• Abilities, skills and qualifications
• Equipment
• Timing
• Cost
• Supervision
• Safety plan, hazard management, history and
  equipment
• Advertising
• Contracts

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Tending Considerations

• Timing window
• Cost vs budget vs return on Investment
• Prescription, quality and standards
• Supervision
• Labour and equipment availability
• Skills, qualifications
• Safety
• Access

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Quality Assurance Considerations

• Customer requirements
• Quality vs cost vs time
• Standards and rules of thimb
• Supervision
• Quality systems the killer loop

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Protection

• Pests
• Disease
• Fire
• Wind
• Surveillance
• Insurance
• Management regimes
• Fire planning and resourcing

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Harvest Planning

• Safety
• Topography and soils
• Logging systems - combinations
• Products
• Area
• Access
• Customer requirements

• Timing for planning
• Environmental restrictions
• Production

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Transportation

• Mode of transport
• Distance
• Legal requirements
• Access

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Marketing

• Customer requirements
• Products
• Price
• ROI
• The customer is always right
• Return business

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Element 2

• Factors that affect quality of the forest crop

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Establishment Tree planting (video)

• Genetics
• Nursery treatment
• Handling
• Time from nursery to site to actually planted
• Technique

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Tree Crop Selection 1

• Large tree
• Straightness
• Forking
• Sweep and lean
• Kink
• Branching
• Spacing
• Genetics

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Log Making

• Features of log ID
• Log cutting specs
• Priority of cuts
• Approxiamate value per meter

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Sequence of forest cycle

• Land prep
• Nurseries
• Planting
• Releasing
• Fertilising
• Pruning
• Thinning
• Harvesting

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Roles for Ensuring Quality

• Specialisation vs generalisation
• Responsibilities from the ground up
• Company and industry procedures, plans and check
  lists

• Job Prescriptions
• written instructions
• Expectations
• Quality
• Performance
• A tool to standardise a proceedure or operation

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Organisational Chart
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Contractor Organisational Chart
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Element 3

• Effects of factors on timber quality and yeild,
  over a forest crop rotation

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Establishment

• Uniformity
• Stocking
• Spacing
• Growth
• Stability
• Resistance to pests and disease
• Less need for release

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Tree Selection

• Uniformity
• Growth
• Straightness
• Branching
• Spacing
• Stocking
• Health
• Value

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Tree Selection Operations

• Pruning
• Waste thin
• Prod Thin

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Operations Affecting Log Quality

• Planting
• Pruning
• Thinning
• Plotting
• Felling
• Log Making

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Operations Affecting Log Quality

• A skilled log maker will ensure all logs return
  maximum value to the forest owner training,
  assessment, marking, cutting

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Operations Affecting Log Quality

• Felling
• Extraction
• Tree Processing
• Log making
• Cutting
• Warehousing or stacking
• Training

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Operations Affecting Log Quality

• Landing Operations

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Summary

• You are now able to describe the forest
  operations cycle for Prad
• Describe factors that affect forest quality
• Describe the effects of quality on timber quality
  and yield over the rotation