Convulvulaceae: The Morning Glory Family

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ConvulvulaceaeThe Morning GloryFamily

• By
• Dave Gabriel Chrissy French

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Convulvulaceae

• Common Family Name
• The Morning Glory Family

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List of Genera in Family

• Ipomoea
• Calystegia
• Convolvulus
• Bonamia
• Cuscuta
• Dichondra
• Jacquemontia
• Merremia
• Stylisma

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Floral formula

• 5 , (5) , 5 , (2) , capsule
• Radial flower symmetry
• Five sepals, petals, and stamens
• Two carpals, with a superior ovary
• Petals are fused and carpals are fused

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Commercially used species in this family

• Ipomoea batatas sweet potatoes
• Ipomoea purpurea common morning glory
• Ipomoea tricolor seeds used as a natural form
  of LSD by Native Indians of Mexico and important
  in a medicinal and religious ritual in their
  culture
• Seeds contain lysergic acid alkaloid called
  ergine

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Other important species in this family

• Convolvulus arvenis field bindweed (creeping
  jenny)
• Calystegia sepium (Convolvulus sepium) hedge
  bindweed
• Both species known as trouble causing weeds,
  called bindweed because they tend to bind up farm
  machinery in the fields.

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Types of habitat for this family

• cultivated fields
• disturbed earth / disturbed areas
• fencerows
• thickets
• swamp edges

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Vegetative Characteristics

• Habit usually herbaceous climbers (always twining
  toward right)
• lianas, herbs or shrubs, rarely trees
• sometimes parasitic
• Leaves spiral, simple, entire to lobed

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Fruit/Seeds Produced

• Fruit is usually a loculicidal capsule
• Fruit a capsule, often dehiscent, less often
  berry-like, drupe or nut
• Seeds are smooth or hairy the embryo is large
  with broad folded or bent cotyledons
• Seeds large, four per capsule

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Floral Characteristics

• Flowers are actinomorphic often showy and nearly
  always bisexual
• Perianth and androecial whorls are five-merous
• Sepals of the calyx are usually distinct, but the
  corolla is strongly sympetalous (united petals)
  plaited and often rotate or trumpet shaped with
  inconspicuous lobes
• Stamens are often unequal and are adnate to the
  base of the corolla tube and alternate with the
  lobes
• Gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of
  two or rarely up to five carpals, usually in
  unbranched or two cleft style and a superior
  ovary of two or up to five locules, each with one
  or two axial ovules
• A prominent annular nectary disk is usually
  present around the base of the ovary

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Diagrams of flower parts
Locules
Capsule
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Information from Van Bruggens text

• Common morning glory Plants with climbing stems
  up to 3 or more meters tall, annual leaves
  broadly ovate in shape with chordate bases,
  mostly entire, 5-9cm long. Inflorescence of 1-5
  flowers peduncles arising from upper leaf axils
  corollas white to blue or purple, 5-7cm long
  sepals hirsute at their bases. Rare in waste
  places in the E. Jul.-Aug.

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Images to follow
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Convulvulus arvensis, open flower
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Convulvulaceae buds
Convulvulaceae vines usually grow up whatever
they can
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Convulvulaceae have prominent sepals.
Stigma of convulvulaceae.
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Ipomoea batatas sweet potato
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Ipomoea horsefalliae Princes vine deeper
corolla lobes than is typical for family, the
plate or fold creases are very evident.
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References

• http//www.randomhouse.com/knopf/nature/flplant.ht
  ml
• http//www.naturesongs.com/vvplants/morningglory.h
  tml
• http//www.wisc.edu/botit/img/bot/401/Magnoliophyt
  a/Magnoliopsida/Asteridae/Convolvulaceae/Ipomoea/I
  pomoea_tricolor/
• http//www.fau.edu/divdept/biology/people/daustin/
  mglories.html
• http//waynesword.palomar.edu/ww0804.htmhallucin

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References (continued)

• http//www.wisc.edu/botit/systematics/family_index
  /Family_Pages/Family_C/Convolvulaceae.html
• http//www.csdl.tamu.edu/FLORA/Wilson/tfp/ast/cnvp
  age2.htm
• http//www.clas.ufl.edu/users/wjudd/bot2710/GENTIA
  N.HTM
• http//www.hortpix.com/pc2281.htm
• http//www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/carr/convolvu
  l.htm