Probabilistic Risk Assessment Center of CNY

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Probabilistic Risk Assessment Center of CNY
SRC, Environ. Science CenterPhilip Goodrum, PhD
Steve Swarts, PhD Michele Stephenson,
MSDallas Aronson, MS315-452-8452,
swarts_at_syrres.com
Colden CorporationShannon Magari, ScD, MS,
MPHSyracuse UniversityJianshun (Jensen) S.
Zhang, PhD
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Properties of Indoor Quality Database

• Centralized source of air concentration data for
  VOCs and other air pollutants
• Access through the world wide web
• Large range of compounds detected in indoor air
  (e.g., hydrocarbons, halogenated compounds,
  alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, acids,
  etc.)
• Provide contemporary and historical data
  (1970-Present)
• Convenient export of search results
• Links to other resources (HSDB, EFDB, PHYSPROP
  database, CARB, SOLVB, SMILECAS database, TSCATS)

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Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Database

• Objective
• Provide a comprehensive, centralized, and
  continually updated database containing qualified
  data and supporting information on indoor air
  pollutants which will be accessible through the
  worldwide web
• Overview of IAQ Database
• Sources of Data
• Targeted Users
• Query Applications

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Indoor Air Quality Database

• VOCs
• PAHs
• Pesticides
• Metals
• Biologics

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Indoor Air Quality Database

• focus on VOC measurements in indoor air
• include available outdoor and personal air
  measurements

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Sources of Indoor Air Data Currently Included

• National Human Exposure Assessment Survey
  (NHEXAS)
• EPA website (http// oaspub.epa.gov/eims/query.pag
  e )
• Arizona, Maryland, and EPA Region V (IL, IN, MI,
  MN, OH, WI)
• 1995 to 1997
• Personal air monitoring, plus indoor and outdoor
  sampling
• 41 common pollutants (29 VOCs)
• Description of residential environment and daily
  activity diary
• Quantification of VOCs in other media, e.g.
  water, blood
• National Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds
• Indoor and outdoor data
• Residential and commercial sites
• 320 VOCs (52,000 records from 30 cities in 16
  states, mostly CA, NJ)
• 1970 to 1987
• Location, date, sampling and analytical method,
  data quality coding

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Sources of Indoor Air Data Currently Available

• Indoor Air Database (NYSDOH)
• Residential, indoor and outdoor
• 1989 to 1996
• California Indoor Exposure Study
• TEAM (Total Exposure Assessment Methodology)
  studies
• 1984, 1987, and 1990
• Personal monitoring, indoor and outdoor sampling

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Sources of Indoor Air Data - Other Databases

• Building Assessment Survey and Evaluation (BASE)
• 100 public and commercial buildings
• Raw data scheduled for release soon
• Air Management Information System (AMIS)
• Available through WHO
• Main focus on outdoor air
• Indoor air database under development
• Canadian Indoor Air Quality Database (CIAQ)
• 92 VOCs in over 700 Canadian residences
• Indoor and outdoor air sampling
• Characterization of residences (e.g., air
  exchange rates, heating, emission sources)
• Physical/chemical properties and guideline
  exposure values

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Sources of Indoor Air Data Other Databases
(contd)

• Concentrations of Indoor Pollutants (CIP)
• Compilation of data extracted from peer-reviewed
  journals, final government reports and conference
  proceedings
• Field measurements of indoor air pollutants in
  residences, schools, offices, and public-access
  buildings in U.S. and Canada
• Last updated in 1990
• Database is unavailable, but bibliographic
  database is available
• Literature search to identify other sources of
  indoor air quality measurements not included in
  CIP or other databases
• Obtain concentration measurements of individual
  VOCs and other air pollutants, plus supporting
  information (e.g., site descriptions,
  demographics, analytical method, QC, etc.), from
  study authors
• Assign data quality ranking to values in order to
  provide a level of gauging reliability of data
  (Shah and Heyerdahl 1992)

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Targeted Users

• Intent of database is to provide a convenient and
  comprehensive source of information on indoor air
  for targeted users such as
• Building designers, engineers and managers
• Epidemiologists
• Health Practitioners
• Industrial Hygienists
• Probabilistic Risk Assessors
• Regulators
• Researchers

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Query Interface to IAQ Database

• Access
• The data and supporting information in the IAQ
  database are obtained through a user friendly
  query interface
• Search
• Use of a number of search terms for extracting
  data and information from the database
• Assistance
• Help menu available that lists and describes the
  individual fields in the subdatabases
• Results
• Provides ability to export query results into
  common file formats (e.g., .dbf, .xls, .txt,
  .asc) for ease of importing into most
  spreadsheet, graphical or statistical programs

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Query Interface - IAQ Database
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Query Results
Export query results into many popular file
formats for import into most spreadsheet,
graphics, statistical and word processing programs
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IAQ Database Search Results
Frequency Distribution of Indoor and Outdoor
Toluene Concentrations Measured During the EPA
Region 5 NHEXAS Study
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IAQ Database Search Results
Summary Statistics for Frequency Distribution of
Toluene Concentrations in Indoor and Outdoor Air
for EPA Region 5 NHEXAS Study
Toluene Concentration
(?g/m3) Percentiles Indoor Air (n 402) Outdoor
Air (n 106) 0 4.24 0.974 10 11.5 5.05 50
24.2 9.40 90 77.5 18.7 95 141 25.7
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Resource Links to IAQ Database

• SRCs Databases and Estimation Software
• HSDB
• EFDB
• EPIWIN
• http//www.syrres.com/

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Resource Links to IAQ Database

• Multiple source contributions to indoor air
• Consumer products
• Building materials
• Outdoor air
• Water
• Redistribution via sinks

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IAQ Database - Summary

• Construction is Underway on an IAQ Database
• Initially populating database using data obtained
  from NAVOC and NHEXAS presently incorporating
  NHEXAS questionnaire information into IAQ
  database
• IAQ currently includes gt320 compounds and
  measurements spanning from 1970 to 1997
• Includes supporting information (e.g., site
  description, questionnaires, sampling and
  analytical methods, bibliography, etc.)
• Other databases to be added in next phase of
  project
• Literature search to identify other sources of
  indoor air quality measurements to add to IAQ
  database which have not been included in CIP or
  other databases
• Resource links (e.g., HSDB, EFDB, emission
  databases, etc.)

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IAQ Database - Summary

• Potential Sources of Data for IAQ Database
• Exposures of 46 high school students in NYC and
  LA to urban air toxics indoor, outdoor and
  personal air monitoring, study conducted in 1999
  (Kinney et al. Environ. Health Perspect. 110539,
  2002)
• Indoor VOCs measured in personal air monitors
  104 married woman smoking versus nonsmoking
  study conducted 1992 (Heavner et al. Environ.
  Int. 22159, 1996)
• Multi-site (70) study of VOCs in U.S. commercial
  buildings personal air sampling over six weeks
  study conducted 1991 (Shields et al. Indoor Air
  62, 1996)
• Measurements of VOCs in new manufactured, new
  site-built and established homes (Hodgson et al.
  Indoor Air 10178, 2000 Brown Indoor Air 1255,
  2002)

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IAQ Database - Feedback?

• Other databases?
• Research Centers?
• QC criteria?
• Applications / Interest?