Using Geographic Information System GIS as an evaluation and planning tool with Houston Sunny Future

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Using Geographic Information System (GIS) as an
evaluation and planning tool with Houston Sunny
Futures and Healthy Start New Orleans

• Dr. Jeffrey J. Guidry
• Texas AM University, Dept. of Health and
  Kinesiology
• Guidry and Associates
• July, 2007

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Overview

• What is GIS?
• Basic Principles
• GIS Components
• Why GIS
• 1854 Cholera Outbreak
• III. GIS Applications
• Industries Utilizing GIS
• IV. GIS Socioeconomic Data
• Houston, TX Sunnyside, 3rd Ward, and 5th Ward

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What is GIS?

• Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
• Maps connected to databases
• Manages and processes spatial data into
  information attributed to some part of the earth.
  Four subsystems (DeMers, 2003)
• (1) data input (spatial data assembly and
  processing)
• (2) data storage and retrieval (spatial data
  organization)
• (3) data manipulation and analysis (analytical
  functionality)
• (4) reporting (data output tables, graphs, or
  maps)
• These subsystems work as one large system to
  depict spatial relationships
• Well-designed system of tools and data

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Why GIS

• Consider answer questions of location
  where, why, and how
• Assist in problem solving decision- making
• Centralize analyze lots of data from
  different sources
• Geographic investigation identify patterns
  trends not obvious from spreadsheets

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1854 Cholera Outbreak

• 1854 Cholera Outbreak London, England
• Dr. John Snow demonstrated by using a hand-drawn
  map that the source of the cholera epidemic was a
  contaminated water pump
• Dr. Snow recommended that the Broad Street water
  pump handle be removed, which stopped the epidemic

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GIS, Program Planning, and Evaluation

• Needs Assessment Assessing individual and
  community needs
• GIS as a means of edifying community needs
  assessments in health education campaigns
  (Goldman Schmalz, 2000 Melnick, 2000 and
  Riner et al., 2004)
• Identify populations and monitor health education
  programs in order to satisfy planning and
  implementation responsibilities
• Program evaluation and the coordination of the
  provision of health services
• GIS can function as a means of formative research
  and evaluation by its capacity to monitor and
  analyze health data over time (Goldman Schmalz,
  2000 Riner et al., 2004)
• In the provision of collaborative health
  services, proper planning is ascertained through
  the examination of gaps and similarities between
  these services (NCHEC, 1999)
• Geographic locales for host intervention sites
  can be prioritized using GIS (Riner et al., 2004)

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Process
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Summation

• Staff empowerment and the use of the
  participatory evaluation methodology is key in
  developing an effective and comprehensive local
  evaluation
• Project staff involvement in all stages of GIS
  development is essential in increasing staff
  knowledge capital for long term project benefits
• GIS allows staff to identify gaps in the system
  of care and fosters collaboration to close those
  gaps.