The Heart

1
The Heart Circulation
2
Circulatory System (s)

• Blood circulates through a closed system of blood
  vessels pumped by the heart
• Three systems
• Pulmonary
• Systemic
• Cardiac

3
Pulmonary Circuit

• Rt. Ventricle pumps blood through pulmonary
  arteries to lungs
• Blood from lungs is returned to heart via
  pulmonary veins to left ventricle

4
Systemic Circuit

• Left ventricle pumps blood thru aorta to arteries
  and capillaries throughout body
• Veins from all over body brings blood back to
  Right atrium

5
Cardiac Circuit

• Cardiac arteries originate in aorta and feed
  heart tissue.
• Cardiac veins return de-oxygenated blood back to
  vena cava

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Blood Vessels

• Arteries
• Carries blood away from heart
• Veins
• Carries blood toward the heart
• Capillaries
• Where exchange of gases and nutrients takes place

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The Heart

• Located in thoracic cavity
• Found in pericardial cavity
• Contains
• 4 chambers
• 4 valves
• 4 blood vessels
• 3 layers

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Chambers of The Heart

• Atria (R/L)
• Thin walled
• Receives blood
• Ventricles (R/L)
• Thick walled
• Pumps blood

A
A
V
V
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Valves of The Heart

• Atrioventricular
• PulmonaryTricuspid
• Aortic bicuspid
• Chordae Tendinae
• CT that keeps valves from inverting
• Semilunar
• Pulmonary
• Aortic

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BVs of The Heart

• Vena cava
• Superior/anterior
• Posterior/inferior
• Pulmonary Trunk
• Right left pulm arteries
• Pulmonary Veins (2 from each lung)
• Aorta

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3 Layers of The Heart

• Epicardium
• Epithelial covering
• Myocardium
• Muscle layer
• Endocardium
• Epithelial lining, continuous with endothelial
  lining of BVs

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Blood Flow through The Heart

• V
• A
• V
• A
• V
• A
• V
• A

AV valve
SL valve
AV valve
SL valve
13
8
8
4
6
2
6
5
5
1
7
3
7
3
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BVs

• Arteries
• Thicker
• Withstands higher pressure
• Veins
• valves
• Capillaries
• One cell thick
• Where all diffusion takes place

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Aorta

• Largest Artery in body
• Two regions
• Ascending section
• Descending section

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Fetal Circulation

• Foramen Ovale
• Hole between RT atrium and Lt atrium
• Ductus Arteriosus
• Connect pulmonary artery to aorta

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Heart Beat

• Cardiac Cycle
• Diastole is relaxation
• Systole is contraction of chamber
• Lubbdupp
• AV valves close lubb
• SL valves close dupp