Circulatory

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Circulatory RespiratorySystems
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Circulatory System

• The circulatory system provides the means,
  through plasma and cellular components of the
  blood, by which carbon dioxide and nitrogenous
  wastes are transported to their respective exits
  from the body.

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Circulatory Components

• Heart - the circulatory system pump
• Arteries - carry blood away from the heart either
  to the body (systemic, oxygenated) or to the
  lungs (pulmonary, deoxygenated)
• Veins - carry blood to the heart either from the
  body (deoxygenated) or from the lungs
  (oxygenated)
• Lymphatic system - lymph vessels collect tissue
  fluid produced by diffusion and filtration of
  blood plasma at the capillary ends of the
  arteries and return it to the venous system
  cranial to the heart

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Venous System

• Collects blood from the various parts of the body
  and returns it to the right atrium of the heart
  through the superior and inferior vena cava
• Blood is deoxygenated
• Exception the pulmonary veins transport freshly
  oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left
  atrium of the heart

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Arterial System

• Blood is pumped from the left ventricle of the
  heart to the various parts of the body
• Blood is oxygenated
• Exception the pulmonary arteries transport
  deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to
  the lungs

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CIRCULATION THROUGH THE HEART THE HEART AS A PUMP
RIGHT SIDE Blood enters the heart through two
large veins, the inferior and superior vena cava,
emptying oxygen-poor blood from the body into the
right atrium.
LEFT SIDE The pulmonary vein empties oxygen-rich
blood, from the lungs into the left atrium.
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CIRCULATION THROUGH THE HEART THE HEART AS A PUMP
RIGHT SIDE Atrial contraction blood flows from
your right atrium into your right ventricle
through the open right atrioventricular
(tricuspid) valve. When the ventricles are full,
the right AV (tricuspid) valve shuts. This
prevents blood from flowing backward into the
atria while the ventricles contract
LEFT SIDE Atrial contraction blood flows from
your left atrium into your left ventricle through
the open left atrioventricular (bicuspid or
mitral) valve. When the ventricles are full, the
left AV (bicuspid) valve shuts. This prevents
blood from flowing backward into the atria while
the ventricles contract
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CIRCULATION THROUGH THE HEART THE HEART AS A PUMP
RIGHT SIDE Ventricular contraction blood leaves
the heart through the pulmonary semilunar valve,
into the pulmonary artery and to the lungs.
LEFT SIDE Ventricular contraction blood leaves
the heart through the aortic semilunar valve,
into the aorta and to the body.
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Circulatory Dissection

• Identify external and internal circulatory system
  anatomy (including heart and lungs)
• Identify the major arteries and veins
• Answer the question Are there valves located in
  arteries and/or veins?
• Look at arteries and veins in the forelimbs,
  hindlimbs, heart, neck, and body cavity
• Cut longitudinally
• Examine both cats and fetal pigs

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Respiratory System
See Figure 11.10 on page 247 of you lab manual
for a more precise diagram
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Oxygen CO2 Exchange

• Once blood travels through the pulmonary
  semilunar valve, it enters the lungs via the
  pulmonary arteries. This is called the pulmonary
  circulation. Blood then enters the capillary
  vessels in the lungs. Here, oxygen travels from
  the tiny air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs, through
  the walls of the capillaries, into the blood. At
  the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste product of
  metabolism, passes from the blood into the
  alveoli. Carbon dioxide leaves the body upon
  exhaling. Once the blood is purified and
  oxygenated, it travels back to the left atrium
  through the pulmonary veins.

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Lab Notebook Assignment

• Diagram of heart (use Figure 10.2)
• Please note the left AV valve and aortic
  semilunar valves are switched
• Label and show blood flow through the heart
  indicate where the blood is oxygenated and where
  it is deoxygenated
• Write this information out as well
• Answer the question about the presence of valves
  in arteries and veins
• Diagram of lungs (use figure 11.10)
• Write out the pathway of air from the outside of
  the body to the alveoli