The German strategy for CO2mitigation in residential buildings

1
The German strategy for CO2-mitigation in
residential buildings
EU Housing Expert Meeting Luxembourg 09. June
2005
2
The role of building renovation

• The building sector is the largest energy
  consumer
• Enormous energy saving potentials
• Building renovation provides jobs
• There exists a social consensus on building
  renovation
• Building renovation creates sustainable living
  space
• for tomorrow

3
Demographic and living space area development
4
Distribution of size classes
5
Building destruction (1945)
6
Distribution of age classes
20
18
16
14
12
Share in
10
8
6
4
2
0
lt1901
1901-
1919-
1949-
1958-
1969-
1979-
1984-
1995-
1918
1948
1957
1968
1978
1983
1995
2000
Period of construction
7
Development of energy saving ordinance
8
Energy saving potential of renovation 1
450
Detached single-family house
400
Not renovated
350
Renovated
300
250
kWh/m²
200
150
100
50
0
lt1900
1901-1918
1919-1948
1949-1957
1958-1968
1969-1978
1979-1983
1984-1994
9
Energy saving potential of renovation 1
450
Detached single-family house
400
Not renovated
350
Fully renovated
300
250
kWh/m²
200
150
100
50
0
lt1900
1901-1918
1919-1948
1949-1957
1958-1968
1969-1978
1979-1983
1984-1994
10
Trends of CO2-development(Residential sector, no
temperature adjustment)
160
140
120
current trend
Millions of tonnes CO2
100
80
60
40
20
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
11
Trends of CO2-development(Residential sector, no
temperature adjustment)
160
No renovation
140
120
current trend
Millions of tonnes CO2
100
80
60
40
20
0
1990
1995
2000
2005
12
Deficiencies of building rehabilitation
1. Renovations and modernizations are
postponed 2. Renovation without thermal
insulation 66 of façade renovations
58 of roof renovations 3. Insufficient
quality of thermal insulation 59 of the
standard are realized
13
(No Transcript)
14
Delay in heating boiler replacement
7
Age structure of oil heating boilers Reference
year 2002
6
5
Frequency in
4
3
2
1
0
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
00
Year of installation
15
Constraints on building renovation

• Missing or wrong information
• Insufficient motivation
• Low prestigiousness of renovation
• Cost effectiveness is often not clear
• Financial support programmes not attractive
• The conflict between owner and tenant
• Missing supervision of building renovation

16
Important implemented political measures
Regulations     Energy saving ordinance
(EnEV)     Energy performance certificate    
EC Directive on energy performance of
buildings Subsidies     KfW modernisation
programme    KfW-CO2-building renovation
programme     Incentive programme for renewables
(grants) Supporting measures     Information,
advising, training     Research and development
    Institutions dena
17
Status of KfW CO2 programme
Credit volume in 2004
2.6
billion EUR
billion EUR
Credit volume cumulative (1996-2004)
10.0
million m²
Living space area partly renovated (cum)
70.0

Renovated area/stock area (share)
2.0
Cumulative CO2 reduction in 2004
million tonnes
2.5
Jobs created in 2004
40,000
For comparison Total expenditure for energy
related renovations in 2001 29 billion EUR
18
Credit distribution
Renovation measure


Wall insolation
19
Exchange of windows
16
Roof insolation
15
Basement wall insolation
16
Subtotal insolation
66
Condensing boiler
15
Low temperature boiler
5
District heat and CHP
2
Subtotal non renewable heat supply
22
Renewable energies
12
12
Total
100
100
19

• Advantages of the KfW CO2 programme
• Increasing volume of credits
• Flexibility and quality of renovation
• Climate protection and job creation

What can be improved? Increase of economic
attractiveness Higher profit margin for
banks Inclusion of investors with own funds
20
Scenarios for the future development
Scenarios
1990
2005
2010
2005-2010
1990-2010
Million tonnes of CO2
Change in
Trend (32)
128.0
125.3
122.8
-2.0
-4.1
Forced
125.3
120.0
-4.2
-6.3
renovation (55)
21
Additional measures are needed for the scenario
forced renovation

• Enforcement of general support
• Enforcement of energy certificate introduction
• More attractive financial support
• Increase of the volume of the financial support
  programmes