Continuous Entity Behaviors CEB and Human Intelligence HUMINT in OneSAF

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Continuous Entity Behaviors (CEB) and Human
Intelligence (HUMINT) in OneSAF
David Nash, Ph.D.
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Continuous Entity Behaviors

• The name is descriptive of the capability
• It refers to a set of OneSAF behaviors
• that may be used to control the actions of
  entities (as opposed to units)
• which operate continuously whenever the entity
  is not performing an assigned (directed)
  behavior.
• Objectives
• Provide schedulable, randomized behaviors to
  represent the asynchronous activities of
  lifeforms and vehicles.
• Allow for manual or semi-automatic specification
  of behavior locus.
• Manual "Use this specific building as your
  workplace."
• Semi-automatic System identifies an appropriate
  location within a specified bounding area
• User is able to specify by data the building
  functions and feature types to select for the
  performance of certain kinds of activities (e.g.
  workplace, shopping, or recreation areas)

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Types of CEB implemented

• Go to place Move to a particular location or
  area.
• Optionally, perform "milling" activities at that
  location that are place-specific. For example,
  within a building an entity will periodically
  move to a different location within the room, as
  if pacing, or walking to a file cabinet, etc.
• Travel roads - vehicles travel random patterns
  within a road network constrained to a
  two-dimensional space. This models the movement
  of delivery trucks, patrolling security vehicles,
  etc.
• Loiter - Entities move about periodically within
  a designated area. This may be used to model the
  activities of children playing in a park,
  shoppers browsing an outdoor mall, etc.

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The Scheduled task trigger type

• CEB are used to perform activities on a periodic
  basis.
• The Scheduled task trigger type is responsible
  for execution of CEB at the appropriate time.
• Scheduled trigger inputs
• Day of week
• Time of day
• Duration (possibly infinite)
• Multiple CEB may be scheduledwithin the same
  phase to representactivities during multiple
  days ofthe week.

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Future work tools interface

• A partial implementation of an interface to
  create schedule "classes" has been developed that
  will make it easier to assign CEB to large groups
  of entities
• "Within this specified area give me 50 day
  workers, 30 farmers, and 20 street people."
• The schedule classes day worker, farmer, and
  street person have associated sets of scheduled
  behaviors to represent their habitual activities,
  e.g. for day worker
• Go to work at 0800 30 minutes
• Got to lunch at 1200 60 minutes, return at 1400
  30 minutes
• Go home at 1700 30 minutes

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Idle behaviors

• Idle behaviors are executed whenever an entity
  is not responding to an event.
• Noncombatant idle behaviors include
• Navigate building perimeter
• Follow road feature
• Move to and enter building
• Select and move to random point

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Reactions to events

• Humans often exhibit instinctive responses to
  certain kinds of events in group settings, e.g.
  detonations
• Entities may be composed with an agent that
  listens for particular events of interest.
• Upon detection of an event, the agent causes a
  reactive behavior to be performed.
• The mapping of reactive behavior to stimulating
  event is data-driven, and thus configurable prior
  to run time.

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Elements of a typical urban scenario
NC's pursue various idle cycle behaviors within AO
An event occurs entities within range respond
As reaction durations elapse, affected entities
return to idle behaviors
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Example scenarios supported by idle / reactive
behaviors
Plaza bomber
Humanitarian aid
Protest
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Demonstration
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OneSAF representation of HUMINT capabilities
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Representing HUMINT

• Lifeform entities (e.g. individual combatants,
  civilians) may be configured to possess
  information "nuggets" that are either
• Free-format
• Descriptive of an activity (task)
• Such configuration may take place before or
  during scenario execution
• Both formats include attributes to indicate
  subject, content, time of receipt, source, and
  classification
• The HUMINT tab of the Intel Battle Command Frame
  provides a graphical interface that exposes
  nugget contents to human role-players / analysts

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The Intel Battle Command Frame
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Types of HUMINT-generated information

• Free-format Text without any particular
  structure. The preceding slide is an example of
  this type.
• Task oriented Interview subjects that are
  participants in a future orderable behavior
• If information transfer is partial, it is
  expressed using these increments
• Free format
• WHO The interview subject
• WHAT The title of the nugget
• WHEN The nugget timestamp
• DETAILS The content
• Task-oriented
• WHO The ordered actor
• WHAT The title of the behavior (e.g. Construct
  HVIED)
• WHEN The behavior trigger (at time, on command,
  or completion of previous
• DETAILS Input parameters peculiar to the ordered
  behavior

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Transmission of HUMINT

• Information may be transferred from one lifeform
  to another by using the Conduct Interview
  orderable behavior
• The ordered actor approaches the interview
  subject, and after an appropriate time delay,
  information flows from the subject to the
  interviewer.
• The time needed to conduct the interview, as well
  as the subject's inclination to be forthcoming is
  affected by
• Side relationship between subject/interviewer
  sides
• Level of cooperation between subject/interviewer
  sides

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Attenuating the flow of information

• Side relationship A discrete characterization of
  how entities from each side relate to each other.
  Side relationships need not be reciprocal.
• Cooperation A sliding-scale characterization of
  entities' willingness to divulge information.

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Attenuating the flow of information

• A randomly generated value is compared to
  data-driven thresholds to determine the
  increments of information that are transferred.
• Side relationship between interview subject and
  interviewer determines the applicable band of
  thresholds the random value determines which
  increments will be conveyed.

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Influencing cooperation

• Certain activities change the willingness of
  sides to cooperate
• Civil-military operations - Humanitarian relief
  operations
• Psychological operations - Fires and effects
• Coercion - Security
• The effects of these activities are represented
  by the orderable behavior Influence Cooperation
• Ordered actor occupies the area within which
  influence is desired to be imposed after an
  appropriate delay, the effect on cooperation
  between the side performing the activity and the
  sides of entities transiting the area of
  influence is modified
• The intensity of the effect is
• Proportional to the number of entities performing
  the action and the number of influenced entities.
• Inversely proportional to the size of the area of
  influence.

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Demonstration