FAULTS

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FAULTS
Bill Howard Hopkinton Middle School
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Found in the Earths crust too!
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Three types of stress

• Shearing

• Tension

• Compression

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Shearing
Stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite
directions
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Tension
Stress that stretches rock so it becomes thinner
in the middle
Think about what happens when you pull taffy
apart.
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Compression
Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks
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All three forces cause
DEFORMATION
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All three forces produce
FAULTS
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FAULT
A break in the Earths crust where slabs of rock
slide past each other
Three types

• Strike-Slip Fault

• Normal Fault

• Reverse Fault

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Strike-Slip Fault
Produced by shearing force.
Rocks on either side of the fault slip past each
other with little or no up and down motion
Form at transform boundaries
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San Andreas Fault
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This land moves with JAPAN
This land moves with HOPKINTON
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acute angle
obtuse angle
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Normal Fault
Produced by tension force.
Hanging wall slips downward.
Occurs at divergent boundaries.
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Hanging wall slides down
Layers no longer line up
Tension pulls blocks apart
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Reverse Fault
Produced by compression force.
Hanging wall slides upward.
Occurs at convergent boundaries.
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Layers no longer line up
Hanging wall slides up
Compression squeezes rock together
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Fault Review
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Work Cited
http//cse.ssl.berkeley.edu/lessons/indiv/davis/in
progress/QuakesEng3.html
http//www.jwolfe.clara.net/Humour/WorkStress.htm
http//www.geo.lsa.umich.edu/crlb/COURSES/117/Lec
14/lec14.html
http//www.adlc.ca/home/stuWork/sampleLessons/Scie
nce24/foldedmts.gif
http//earth.leeds.ac.uk/basic_structure/deformati
on/foldedturbs.htm
http//www.edu.pe.ca/southernkings/fault.htm
http//www.geology.sdsu.edu/visualgeology/geology1
01/seis_frames.htm
http//www.earth.nwu.edu/people/seth/202/lectures/
Quake_Tec/longtermslip.htm
http//antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/image/0012/sanand
reasfault_srtm_big.gif
http//www001.upp.so-net.ne.jp/fl-fg/05-01.htm