Autism

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Autism

• Laura A. Riffel, Ph.D.

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What is Positive Behavioral Support?

• A new way of thinking about behavior
• Broadens intervention from only one approach -
  reducing challenging behavior to..
• Encompasses multiple approaches changing
  systems, altering environments, teaching skills,
  and appreciating positive behavior

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PBS Includes

• A team process for goal setting
• Functional Behavioral Assessment
• Behavior intervention plan design,
  implementation, and evaluation
• This means everyone will react to the child in
  the same way.

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Tertiary Prevention Specialized
Individualized Systems for Students with
High-Risk Behavior
CONTINUUM OF SCHOOL-WIDE POSITIVE
BEHAVIOR SUPPORT
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Primary Prevention School-/Classroom- Wide
Systems for All Students, Staff, Settings
Secondary Prevention Specialized Group Systems
for Students with At-Risk Behavior
80 of Students
Sugai Horner, 2005
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Goal Setting

• Identify team members
• most effective as collaborative process
• Develop a profile to include
• childs strengths
• childs needs
• childs target behaviors
• Identify settings situations that require
  intervention

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Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA)

• FBA is a process for gathering information to
  understand the function (purpose) of behavior in
  order to develop an effective intervention plan.

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Assumptions Underlying FBA

• Behavior is learned and serves a specific
  purpose.
• Behavior is related to the context within which
  it occurs.

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Questions to Address
Who What When Where Why How
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Possible Functions

• Positive Reinforcement
• Social attention
• Access to materials
• Sensory Stimulation

• Negative Reinforcement
• Escape from
• Activities
• People
• Sensory
• Pain

To Get Out of
To Get
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Lets meet some others first.

• Charlie- 16 year old learner with autism,
  intellectual disabilities, person of small
  stature, and bi-polar condition.
• Self-injurious behavior biting self on forearm
  to the point of callus.

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Fact finding mission
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3 months of data paired with anecdotal notes
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Mamma called the doctor and the doctor said.
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Lets meet Joshua

• Eleven year old learner with autism and
  intellectual disabilities.
• Does not use words to communicate
• Tantrums 4 hours a day and then bites staff
• Usually in a very sensitive area.

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We went to observe
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DUH..

• Sometimes, the most important thing we have to do
  is help a child unlearn something someone has
  taught them.

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The Target Miracle
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Joshua started amping up
Pretend ????
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Second Issue for Mom.

• Grabbing food off everyones plates-

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Molly
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Molly McFadden Goes to Kindergarten
Example of a PowerPoint relationship narrative to
Introduce a Big Change in a Childs Life
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Mollys New School

• Bethel Elementary

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This will be my new school.
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I will enter the school through these doors.
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I will look for the frog flag and turn down the
hallway.
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I will go to my classroom.
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Inside my classroom, I will hang up my coat and
backpack.
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I will find my seat.
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I will keep my supplies in a bin with my name on
it.
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My class will have center time.
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My class will go to the playground.
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My class will go to the library.
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My class will go to the cafeteria for breakfast
and lunch.
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We will have calendar time.
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We will write board stories.
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We will do math.
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We will read in the reading loft.
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We will learn new words and put them on the word
wall.
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My friends from McKinley Street Preschool will be
coming to Bethel Elementary.
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Here are some of the people I will see at Bethel
Elementary.
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Dr. Drew Barrymore is one of the assistant
principals.
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This is Mr. Fiddle. He helps us keep things
clean and tidy.
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This is Ms. Shay. She will be our counselor.
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Ms. Stithem is the principal.
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This is the Mrs. Humes. She sits at the front
window.
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These are the Kindergarten teachers.
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This is Ms. Flack
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This is Ms. Peters.
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This is Ms. Warford.
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This is Ms. Pennington.
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This is Ms. Aiken.
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It will be fun to be a Bethel Elementary Bear.
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Pinch, pinch, pinch

• Brady the pincher

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What was the function?
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What did we do?
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Rub a dub dub.
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Used fireproof material to make pajamas that
zipped up the back
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Clint says Make my day
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Mom tried everything

• Barney music
• Barney video
• Thomas the Tank Engine
• Books
• Cars
• Games
• Singing

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Nothing worked till.

• Gary Lambs Sixty Beats Per Minute music
• We have no idea why it worked- but it did-
• Theory- 60 beats per minute is the resting heart
  rate
• Perhaps it calmed him enough to tune out the van
  noise

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Potty Training

• Ive used this with numerous learners with autism
  and its worked every time.

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Materials
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Bathroom
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Using Data to Make Decisions

• Bi-polar and barometric pressure..

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(No Transcript)
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Using Data to Make Decisions
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Day of the week
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Time of Day
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A group time, B Individual time, C Reading,
DMath, E Spelling, F Social Studies, G
Science, H Homeroom, I Lunch
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What behaviors show up
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Antecedents
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Antecedent paired with behavior What is going to
show up and when is it going to show up?
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Consequence paired up with the behavior What is
feeding the behavior?
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The Mouthwash
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Whats the function?
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Intervention

• Music therapy- taught him to sing song to the
  tune of the Beatles Let it be.
• When song was heard he was redirected.

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And away goes troubles down the drain
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Then one day.
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And away goes troubles down the drain
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Intervention
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So What Do We Really Know About Behavior?

• 4 Rules
• Behavior is learned and serves a specific purpose.

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It only takes a minute to set a behavior

• The Stairs

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So What Do We Really Know About Behavior?

• 4 Rules
• Behavior is learned and serves a specific
  purpose.
• Behavior is related to the context within which
  it occurs.

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Our job is to look for patterns

• Just a few examples
• Day of the week
• Time of day
• Certain people being absent or present
• Certain smells
• Certain weather conditions

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So What Do We Really Know About Behavior?

• 4 Rules
• Behavior is learned and serves a specific
  purpose.
• Behavior is related to the context within which
  it occurs.
• We should plan on one month of intervention for
  every year a behavior has been in place.

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New Years Resolution

• One month for every year
• So often, we have a great intervention.we just
  give up too soon.

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So What Do We Really Know About Behavior?

• 4 Rules
• Behavior is learned and serves a specific
  purpose.
• Behavior is related to the context within which
  it occurs.
• We should plan on one month of intervention for
  every year a behavior has been in place.
• We can improve behavior by 80 just by pointing
  out what someone is doing correctly.

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Breakfast
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New Ways to Think About Behavior Change
Antecedent What happens before the behavior
occurs?
Behavior Youd Like to TARGET
Consequence What is feeding this behavior?
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New Ways to Think About Behavior Change
New Difficult Task Presented
Whining and Throwing Items on Floor
Consoling and Reduction in Work

• Antecedent Modifications
• Task analysis
• Pre-teach components
• Celebrate Success
• Give extra work and tell them to choose the ones
  they dont want to do.

• Teach Replacement Behavior
• Teach to ask questions

• Consequence Modifications
• Label appropriate behavior
• Give attention for choosing problems
  appropriately.

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New Ways to Think About Behavior Change
Escape from Sams Club sitting on outside bench
Entering Sams Club
Screaming Bloody Murder

• Antecedent Modifications
• Sunglasses
• Yanni on cassette
• Light jacket
• Stretching
• Food choices
• Cotton ball with lavender oil

• Teach Replacement Behavior
• Taught to ask for relief item

• Consequence Modifications
• Gave tons of positive reinforcement for choosing
  relief item and making it through Sams Club.