Legal aspects in implementation of naval efforts in antipiracy operations

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Legal aspects in implementation of naval efforts
in anti-piracy operations
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3 options in implementation of naval units while
combating piracy
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• Patrolling dangerous zones of High Seas
• (Aim exposure and detaining of piracy vessels
  and persons suspected of piracy)
• - Escorting of commercial convoys and vessels
• - Freeing of hijacked vessels

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The process of identification the vessel as a
piracy one can be subdivided into two phases
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• 1. Preliminary classification of all maritime
  crafts as suspicious and non-suspicious
• 2. Boarding and screening of suspicious maritime
  crafts and crews

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Hailing process
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• - ships nationality
• - ship owner
• - port of registration
• - route of transit
• - composition of crew
• - specification of cargo.

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Criteria for suspiciousness can be defined on
the following ground
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• - existence of armed personnel aboard vessel
• - existence of high speed motor boats and caters
  (on deck or moored) ready for implementation
• - Overly furious activities of personnel onboard
  which dont suit vessel day-to-day activities of
  vessels crew
• - non-standard dislocation of identification
  markers or their absence
• - Wondering (unsteady) course and speed
• - non-standard types of communications
• - Denying in establishing communication on CH 16
  or of providing info indicated in hailing call
  etc.

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Crew can be identified as involved in piracy if
the following items found onboard the vessel
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• Overpowerful engines (not obligatory for
  fishing)
• - Fire arms
• Accessories for piracy (wire stairs, grapnels
  etc)
• Large amount of money
• Records (notes) with appropriate information
  exposing participation in piracy.

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Transit routs and reference points for commercial
vessels (westbound and eastbound)
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In order to protect and defend escorted vessels
we set up zones around ship and vessels
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• ZONE of SURVEILLANCE Identification of maritime
  crafts.
• ZONE of PREVENTION Preventive measures towards
  suspected vessels
• ZONE of SELF-DEFENSE Prediction of armed robbery
  and attack on vessels and ship

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• Use of weapons for hitting while escorting
  commercial vessels is carried out only on sea
  crafts and persons in attempts to hijack
  commercial vessels as extreme measure when other
  measures to prevent hijacking are exhausted.

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• Ships master of the Participating State (Rome
  Convention on fighting illegal acts directed
  against security of shipping , 1998) can turn
  over any person to Ps authorities if it believes
  that is has reasonable grounds to consider that
  the person committed or attempted to commit
  hijacking.

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Escorted by naval ships more than 100 Russian
and foreign vessels Prevented 10 attacks
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Russian Navy is planning to further deploy ships
in the area off Somalia coast to protect
shipping
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Thank You for attention!