WOMENS EMPOWERMENT through SUSTAINABLE MICROFINANCE

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WOMENS EMPOWERMENTthroughSUSTAINABLE
MICRO-FINANCE
Session 3

• USING PARTICIPATORY
• TOOLS

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WHAT IS WOMENS EMPOWERMENT?
WomenPower withinconfidenceaspirations
Men Power toPower within
POWER WITH
WomenPower toskillsresources
GENDER MAINSTREAMING
ALLPOWER OVER BAD
STRATEGIES FOR MENto changegender inequality
STRATEGIES FOR WOMENto change gender inequality
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WOMENS EMPOWERMENT
The process through which women, who are
currently most discriminated against, achieve
gender equality of opportunity, power and
resources so they can exercise choice and attain
equity of outcomes.
Where the extent of women's disadvantage means
that they are unable to fully promote their own
interests, this will require support by
development agencies at household, community and
macro levels.
This will include support for men to change
those aspects of their behaviour, roles and
privileges which currently discriminate against
women.
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CONVENTION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ALL FORMS OF
DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN (CEDAW)

• Adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1979 CEDAW
  clarifies the fact that the 1948 Declaration of
  Human Rights also includes women.
• These rights include
• rights to life, liberty, security of person and
  freedom from violence and degrading treatment and
  freedom of movement
• legal equality and protection by the law
  including equal rights in marriage including (in
  CEDAW) womens equal rights to make decisions in
  their family regarding property, marriage and
  children, property and resources.
• right to own property and freedom from
  deprivation of property
• freedom of thought, opinion and association
• right to work, freedom from exploitation and
  right to rest and leisure
• right to a standard of living adequate for health
  and right to education including special care for
  mothers

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Trade offs
Differences between people
TRICKY ISSUES
CONSTANTLY CHANGING
Conflict of Interest
Women versus gender?
All pervasive, interlinked and mutually
reinforcingso where to start?
Culture
Other inequalities
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PARTICIPATORYACTIONLEARNINGSYSTEM

• PURPOSE
• Awareness raising and training
• Participatory action research and planning
• Community advocacy and lobbying
• Participatory monitoring, evaluation and impact
  assessment

ISSUES womens empowerment poverty-targeted
micro-finance organizational development
enterprise diversification
ROAD JOURNEYSDIAMONDS
WHERE? KRC, Uganda GreenHome, Uganda ANANDI in
India, Jamghoria Sevabrata, India LEAP in Sudan
Partners of Trickle-Up, US
JS movie

• TREES
• CIRCLES
• CALENDARS
• MATRICES

ANANDI movie
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ROAD JOURNEYS
VisionJourney to the future Charts the ultimate
goal of a group, identifies the steps along the
way and whether or not the journey is expected to
be easy and straight upwards, or up and down.
OPPORTUNITIESAND HOW TO REACH THEM

• Empowerment journey
• Charts the ultimate goal of an individual in
  relation to empowerment showing different stages
  which that person expects to go through.

STEPS ALONG THE ROAD
TRACK
RISKS AND HOW TO AVOID THEM
Achievement Journey from the past Charts a
history from its origin, showing the different
achievements and steps or interventions which
have helped or hindered. Then it identifies
lessons for the future.
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VISION JOURNEYS
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ACHIEVEMENTJOURNEYS
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ANIMATION
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EMPOWERMENT DIAMONDS
Empowerment diamond Looks at whether most people
consider themselves, or could be considered,
powerful, how many people are very powerful or
very powerless, what criteria are used and why.
Most empowered
Empowered
Household equality diamond Looks at concepts of
household equality, where the most households are
above or below this ideal, the criteria used and
the numbers and characteristics of ideal
households and very bad households.
Less empowered
Disempowered/powerless
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Violence Diamond,ANANDI, India
Peace and relief 6 women all single, widowed
or unmarried
Violence happens everyday in form of verbal
abuse, fight over money, daily consumption of
alcohol by everyday by men, minor beating fight
over meal not tasty by husband, slapping etc.
is something that they have to learn to live with.
Looks at different levels of violence from
acceptable levels of violence to extreme,
numbers of people and strategies.
Woman being beaten up with stick and other sharp
weapon, Bleeding, Cloths torn, and cloths
ablaze, Liquor bottle in hand the man, kerosene
bottle nearby , Bigamy by husband leading to
feeling of loneliness/ humiliation/denial
followed by physical abuse by husband,
Father-in-law and brother -in-law abusing women
Woman trying to hang herself- committing
suicide Calling woman a witch(dakan) or
"childless"(vanziyan) Marriage of 17-18 year old
girl with boy barely 12-13yrs.
Extreme violence 5 women "Beating till you get
wounded (bleeding) and you feel like committing
suicide is extreme, unbearable violence"
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POVERTY DIAMOND
Looks at whether most people are above or below
the poverty line as identified by a community,
then how many people are very rich or very poor,
what criteria are used and why. Can also
identify different female and male indicators
through putting these on different sides of the
diamond.
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TREES
Trees start from a trunk representing an issue or
an institution like a household or community.
Inputs are then shown as roots and outputs as
branches. These can analyse challenges and
solutions, causes and effects, incomes and
expenditures, costs and benefits and so on. Both
roots and branches can be of different sizes and
quantified. They can also be arranged or
coloured, grouped and ranked for qualitative
analysis. The roots or branches can represent
targets which can be quantified and revisited for
assessment.
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DETAILED LOAN/GRANT USE/ASSESSMENT TREE
To plan and track loan or grant use in detail
following business vision journey Trunk is the
intended economic activity. Roots are the inputs
and expenditures differentiated into different
types and quantified. Branches are the expected
profits and incomes. Some of the branches then
have banyan roots to go back down as
reinvestment and loan repayment flows. All this
is quantified and tracked over time as part of a
loan or grant agreement or contract. Can either
have its own calendar, or provide the basis for
detailed filling in of stages on the Road Journey
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CHALLENGE/SOLUTION TREE

• Has one central challenge as the trunk
• Has the causes/sub-challenges grouped, quantified
  and prioritised as roots
• Potential solutions for causes as branches
  differentiated by things people themselves can do
  individually, what they can as a group
• Necessary outside inputs as beneficial insects
  which they hope will come along, but which they
  cannot rely on
• These are then tracked over time as ripe, unripe
  or withered fruits.
• Along each branch can be a mini-road journey to
  set targets to reach the fruits or targets.

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CIRCLES

• Show the relationships between different elements
  represented as overlapping circles. Venn or
  chapatti circles can also be combined with pie
  charts to quantify each circle. Circles can be of
  different sizes and types for qualitative and
  quantitative analysis and re-analysed for changes
  at a later date.
• value chain mapping to show relationships,
  numbers of people and values in different circle
  points along the production and marketing chain
• market mapping to brainstorm the different
  potential markets for the same product and/or
  different products in the same market also
  marking on the actual or possible prices, numbers
  of people etc in each market, possible gender
  discrimination or patterns of exclusion
• institutional mapping (including financial
  landscape mapping) to identify the range of
  networks and institutions to which people belong,
  where they have contacts, where they need to
  influence

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MARKET MAPS
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Participation For Empowerment
PARTICIPATORY ACTION LEARNING SYSTEM
Sustainable System
Action Learning
PALS FRIENDS
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YOUR QUESTIONS ??