NRSG 809 Health Promotion

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NRSG 809 Health Promotion Complementary
Therapeutics

• Module 2
• Theory and Research in Health Promotion

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Icek Ajzen, Ph.D. Professor of Psychology Universi
ty of Massachusetts
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Theory of Reasoned Action

• Intention Effort Likelihood of
  behavior
• Behavioral Beliefs behavior linked to some
  consequence, which has value to person
• Attitude Toward Behavior persons favorable or
  unfavorable evaluation of the consequences
• Normative Beliefs likelihood that important
  persons would approve or disapprove
• Subjective Norm perceived social pressure to
  perform behavior or not (motivation to comply)

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Summary of TRA

• Beliefs related to behavior based on motivation
• Greater intent leads to greater likelihood
  behavior will be performed
• Assumes behavior is under persons control, i.e.,
  can decide to perform it or not
• Butresource availability influences volitional
  control
• TRA doesnt account for situations when control
  is incomplete

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Theory of Planned Behavior

• Extends TRA by adding Behavioral Control
• Perceived Behavioral Control belief about how
  easy or hard performance of behavior is likely to
  be
• Internal factors that can interfere skills,
  abilities, knowledge, planning
• External factors that can interfere opportunity,
  time, cooperation of others
• Actual Control can be unclear

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Using TPB in Health Promotion

• Intention to quit in next month predicts better
  likelihood that person will quit than person
  without intent
• What about influence of attitudes toward smoking?
• What about influence of perceived social pressure
  to smoke or not?
• What about persons beliefs about control over
  smoking behavior?

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Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change

• James O. Prochaska, Ph.D.
• Director of Cancer Prevention Research Consortium
• Professor of Clinical and Health Psychology,
  University of Rhode Island

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Stages of Change

• Precontemplation no intention to change
• Contemplation aware of problem, thinking about
  overcoming it
• Preparation intending action in next month
• Action behavioral action
• Maintenance work to prevent relapse, from 6
  months after initial action