A

1
Various Kinds of Variance-based Age Estimates
Self-variances of entire clade C, or of separate
subclades A and B, will give average age
estimates (AAE) younger than node n1, or n2 and
n3, respectively. A-B Interclade variance will
give full AAE of node n1. S-C(xS) Interclade
variance will give AAE older than node n4 but
younger than n1. If the haplotype for founder at
n2 were known, variance of subclade A with
respect to that founding haplotype will give full
AAE for node n2. Simply trace the various paths
between pairs of terminal haplotypes, and
average, to verify this in each case. Age
estimates of snps are never directly made only
ages of nodes are.
n2
n4
Y
A
Z
S
C
W
n1
X
n3
B
W,X,Y,Z snps for C,B,A,S n1 . n4 key tree
nodes
Nordtvedt 15 Jan 2008