Smallpox Vaccine

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Smallpox Vaccine

• Live non-attenuated Vaccinia virus
• 3 different vaccines available
• ID inoculation with bifurcated needle
• Pustular lesion/induration surrounding central
  scab/ulcer 6-8 days post-vaccination
• Low grade fever, axillary lymphadenopathy
• Scar (permanent) demonstrates successful
  vaccination
• Immunity not life-long

WHO
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in Fenner F et al. Smallpox and its
Eradication, pp 570
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Primary Vaccination Site Reaction
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Contraindications for Vaccination

• Immunodeficiency
• Immunosuppressing therapies
• Atopic Dermatitis/Eczema including past history
• Acute or chronic skin conditions (until resolved)
• Allergies to polymyxin B, streptomycin,
  tetracycline, or neomycin
• Pregnancy

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Smallpox Response Plan and GuidelinesOverview

• Specific guides for
• Surveillance, contact tracing and outbreak
  investigations
• Vaccination
• Isolation and quarantine
• Decontamination
• Laboratory diagnosis, specimen collection and
  transport
• Communication

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Smallpox Response Plan and GuidelinesOverview

• Annexes address
• Clinical presentation of smallpox
• Care of patients
• Vaccination clinic procedures
• Adverse event reporting
• Suggested pre-event planning activities for state
  and local public health authorities

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Ring Vaccination Search and Containment

• Search for cases and isolate
• Identify contacts and vaccinate
• Used to eradicate smallpox
• required to control disease in face of routine
  immunization
• minimizes adverse events
• Enhance with larger-scale vaccination as needed

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CDC Resources

• Emergency Operations Center
• [phone] (24 hour)
• Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Program
• [phone]
• www.bt.cdc.gov