Australian Ski Patrol Association

1
Australian Ski Patrol Association

• Advanced First Aid
• Lesson 2
• BASIC LIFE SUPPORT

2
Lesson 2

• Basic Life Support involves the skills of
• Expired Air Resuscitation
• External Cardiac Compression
• Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation

3
Review Lesson 1

• Primary Survey - DRABC
• Vital Signs Survey
• Secondary Survey

4
The BLS Flowchart
D
R
A
B
5 Breaths in 10 secs
Yes
No
C
VSS
C
Yes
No
Sec Survey
Continue EAR
Commence CPR
5
Expired Air Resuscitation

• Provides air with 16 O2 content
• If possible, use a shield or mask
• Ensure head position and lift jaw
• For child do not extend neck beyond neutral
  position
• One breath every 4-5 seconds
• Monitor after 1 minute andthen every 2 minutes
• Ensure a fresh breath each time

6
Steps for EAR

• Clear the airway
• Tilt the head/extend the jaw
• Blow until the chest rises
• Look, listen and feel for exhalation
• Avoid distension of the stomach(this increases
  the risk of regurgitation of stomach contents and
  aspiration)

7
EAR in children

• Do not extend the neck
• Give smaller breaths - observing for the rise of
  the chest (but not the stomach)
• With infants cover both mouth and nose with your
  mouth

8
EXTERNAL CARDIAC COMPRESSION

• Heel of hand on lower half of sternum
• Compression depth
• Adult 4 - 5 cm (two hands)
• Child 2 - 3 cm (one hand)
• Infant 1 - 1.5 cm (2 fingers)

9
CARDIO-PULMONARYRESUSCITATION

• ONE OPERATOR
• 15 compressions
• 2 inflations
• Aim for 4-5 complete cycles per minute

10
CARDIO PULMONARYRESUSCITATION

• TWO OPERATORS
• 5 Compressions
• 1 Inflationtiming is vital - avoid causing a
  break in ECC rhythm
• Aim for 12 - 15 complete cycles per minute

11
CPR for children

• Increase the rate of CPR to
• 6 cycles per minute for one operator
• 20 cycles per minute for two operators

12
Resuscitation in Late Pregnancy

• Position an unconscious casualty on side in the
  Left Lateral Position
• For CPR use Left Lateral Tilt Position (padding
  under right buttock to cause visible pelvic tilt
  to the left.

13
Practical Exercises

• Carry out EAR
• Carry out ECC
• Carry out one-operator and two-operator CPR
• Combine all steps in DRABC with various
  breathing/circulation scenarios