First Aid

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First Aid
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First Aid

• THE IMMEDIATE CARE GIVEN TO A PERSON WHO IS
  INJURED OR HAS BECOME SUDDENLY ILL.

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First Aid

• 1. STAY CALM.
• 2. THINK ABOUT YOUR ACTIONS
• 3. GET HELP, IF NEEDED. 911
• 4. COMFORT AND ENCOURAGE THE VICTIM.

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MAKING AN EMERGENCY PHONE CALL
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MAKING AN EMERGENCY PHONE CALL

• REMAIN CALM AND SPEAK CLEARLY

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MAKING AN EMERGENCY PHONE CALL

• DESCRIBE THE EXACT LOCATION OF THE EMERGENCY.
  NAMING A LANDMARK OR CLOSEST INTERSECTION MAY BE
  HELPFUL.

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MAKING AN EMERGENCY PHONE CALL

• GIVE YOUR NAME, WHAT HAPPENED, AND CONDITION OF
  THOSE INVOLVED.

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MAKING AN EMERGENCY PHONE CALL

• GIVE THE PHONE OF THE PHONE YOU ARE USING. DO
  NOT HANG UP UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

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BLEEDING.
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BLEEDING

• Apply pressure to stop the bleeding.

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BLEEDING

• ELEVATE THE WOUND ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE HEART.

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BLEEDING

• Clean the wound with soap and water.

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BLEEDING

• Apply an antibacterial ointment.

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BLEEDING

• Apply a clean, sterile bandage. Do not put the
  tape on the wound.

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BLEEDING

• If you get a nosebleed, sit down and lean
  slightly forward. Keeping your head above your
  heart will make your nose bleed less. Lean
  forward so the blood will drain out of your nose
  instead of down the back of your throat.

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BURNS
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BURNS

• 1 ST DEGREE BURNSMILDEST TYPE OF BURN. SKIN DEEP.
  RUN THE BURNED AREA UNDER COOL WATER.

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BURNS

• 2ND DEGREE BURNS MAY HAVE BLISTERS. A LITTLE
  DEEPER THAN 1 ST DEGREE. COOL WATER AND A DRY,
  STERILE DRESSING. DO NOT POP BLISTERS.

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BURNS

• 3RD DEGREE BURNS DEEP TISSUE BURN.
• BLACKENED APPEARANCE.
• USE THICK, STERILE BANDAGE.
• HANDS AND LEGS ELEVATED.
• DO NOT PUT IN COLD WATER OR ICE.
• DO NOT USE OINTMENTS OR CREAMS.
• SEEK IMMEDIATE HELP.

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SHOCK
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SHOCK

• A CONDITION IN WHICH THE BODY FUNCTIONS ARE
  SLOWED DUE TO AN ILLNESS OR INJURY.

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SHOCK

• SHOCK SYMPTOMS
• LOW BODY TEMP.
• COLD SKIN.
• WEAK PULSE.
• MAYBE UNCONSCIOUS.

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SHOCK

• SHOCK TREATMENT

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CHOKING
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CHOKING
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CHOKING

• HEIMLICH MANUEVER

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CHOKING
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CHOKING
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CHOKING
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CHOKING
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CHOKING
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HEAT EXHAUSTIONHEAT STROKE
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HEAT EXHAUSTION

• CAUSED WHEN THE BODY TEMP GETS TOO HIGH DUE TO
  STRENUOUS WORK.
• Heat exhaustion takes time to develop.

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HEAT EXHAUSTION

• Cool, clammy, pale skin
• Sweating
• Dry mouth
• Fatigue, weakness
• Dizziness
• Headache
• Nausea, sometimes vomiting
• Muscle cramps
• Weak and rapid pulse

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HEAT EXHAUSTION

• HAVE THE VICTIM LIE DOWN.

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HEAT EXHAUSTION

• COOL THE VICTIM

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HEAT EXHAUSTION

• GIVE THEM COOL WATER TO DRINK.

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HEAT EXHAUSTION

• It is very important to drink lots of liquids
  before, during and after exercise in hot weather.

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HEAT CRAMPS

• Usually affect people who sweat a lot during
  strenuous activity.
• This sweating depletes the body's salt and
  moisture. The low salt level in the muscles
  causes painful cramps.

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HEAT CRAMPS

• Stop all activity, and sit quietly in a cool
  place.
• Drink water.
• Do not return to strenuous activity for a few
  hours after the cramps subside.

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HEAT STROKE
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HEAT STROKE

• Heat stroke, unlike heat exhaustion, strikes
  suddenly, with little warning.
• When the body's cooling system fails, the body's
  temperature rises fast. This creates an emergency
  condition

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HEAT STROKE

• Very high temperature (106)
• Hot, dry, red skin
• No sweating
• Deep breathing and fast pulse then shallow
  breathing and weak pulse
• Dilated pupils
• Confusion, hallucinations
• Seizures
• Loss of consciousness

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HYPOTHERMIA
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HYPOTHERMIA

• WHEN THE BODY GETS TOO COLD DUE TO EXPOSURE.

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HYPOTHERMIA

• Cold temperatures
• Improper clothing and equipment
• Wetness
• Fatigue, exhaustion
• Dehydration
• Poor food intake
• Alcohol intake

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HYPOTHERMIA

• WARM THE BODY AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE.

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HYPOTHERMIA

• DRINK WARM BEVERAGES.

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HYPOTHERMIA

• EAT WARM FOODS.

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HYPOTHERMIA

• TAKE A HOT BATH OR SHOWER.

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HYPOTHERMIA

• SIT NEAR A HEAT SOURCE.

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FROSTBITE

• Move victim to warm dry area
• Remove wet or tight clothing
• Do not rub affected areas
• Gently place affected area in warm water
• Seek medical attention

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POISONPREVENTION
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Poison Prevention

• PURCHASE MEDICINES AND HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS IN
  CHILDPROOF CONTAINERS.

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Poison Prevention

• DO NOT STORE HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS WITH FOOD.

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Poison Prevention

• GET FRESH AIR WHEN USING GLUE OR OTHER PRODUCTS
  WITH ODORS.

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Poison Prevention

• HAVE A CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTOR.

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Poison Prevention

• DO NOT RUN A CAR, MOTORCYCLE, OR LAWNMOWER IN A
  CLOSED GARAGE.

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WAYS TO REDUCE YOURRISK OF DROWNING

• DO NOT SWIM ALONE
• FIND OUT DEPTH OF WATER BEFORE ENTERING
• DO NOT DUNK, PUSH OR JUMP ON OTHERS.
• DO NOT CHEW GUM OR EAT WHILE SWIMMING, DIVING OR
  PLAYING IN THE WATER.
• SWIM IN DESIGNATED AREAS ONLY.
• DO NOT DRINK ALCOHOL.

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HELPING SOMEONE WHOMAY BE DROWNING.

• DO NOT GO IN THE WATER TO RESCUE THE VICTIM.
• YOU MAY GET PULLED UNDER.
• THROW THEM SOMETHING THAT WILL FLOAT.
• USE SOMETHING THAT THEY CAN GRAB ON TO.

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BONE INJURIES

• FRACTURE
• A FRACTURE IS A BREAK OR CRACK IN THE BONE.

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BONE INJURIES

• DISLOCATION
• A DISLOCATION IS WHEN A BONE GETS MOVED OUT OF
  THE JOINT.

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BONE INJURIES

• FOR ANY TYPE OF BONE OR JOINT INJURY, THE BEST
  TYPE OF FIRST AID IS TO KEEP THE INJURED BODY
  PART STILL AND APPLY ICE.

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HOW TO PREVENT FALLS.

• KEEP FLOORS AND STAIRS CLEAR OF OBJECTS, WATER,
  OR ICE.
• KEEP STAIRWAYS LIGHTED.
• USE RUBBER MATS IN THE TUB AND SHOWER.
• USE A PROPER STEP LADDER TO REACH FOR THINGS.

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HOW TO PREVENT FIRES INTHE HOME.
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HOW TO PREVENT FIRES INTHE HOME.

• DO NOT OVERLOAD ELECTRIC OUTLETS.
• DO NOT RUN ELECTRICAL CORDS UNDER RUGS.
• DO NOT LEAVE THE ROOM WITH FOOD COOKING.
• HAVE A SMOKE DETECTOR.
• HAVE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER.
• HAVE A NO SMOKING POLICY.