Cultural psychology perspective on complexity

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Cultural psychology perspectiveon complexity
Communication Science Department
2
Air Traffic Control
Train traffic control
Mefisto
SHEL-FS Methodology
Faraway
SPAD Analysis
DOMAINS
Train Form Design
ITI
Risk Analysis
3
Work Activity to be Modelled
SPAD
Signal Passed At Danger
4
Timeline Analysis
Software Complementare
SOFTWARE
Foglio di Corsa
LIVEWARE Mac 2
LIVEWARE Mac 1
Hardware Interno Complementare
Ripetizione Segnali
HARDWARE interno
270
AC
180
75
270
270
270
180
AC
Segnaletica Laterale
HARDWARE esterno
78 Km/h
80 Km/h
77 Km/h
102,150 Km
70 Km/h
106,061 Km
104,425 Km
103,310 Km
109,810 Km
109,933 Km
107,751 Km
1394 m
881 m
1636 m
1670 m
1350 m
1350 m
0 Km/h
CASTELGUELFO
FIDENZA
P226
P228
PL
P222
P224
SEGNALE DI PROTEZIONE
Deviata
SEGNALE DI PARTENZA
Ore 7.36
Ore 7.30
5
Timeline Analysis
Software Complementare
SOFTWARE
Foglio di Corsa
LIVEWARE Mac 2
LIVEWARE Mac 1
Hardware Interno Complementare
Ripetizione Segnali
HARDWARE interno
270
AC
180
75
270
270
270
180
AC
Segnaletica Laterale
HARDWARE esterno
78 Km/h
80 Km/h
77 Km/h
102,150 Km
70 Km/h
106,061 Km
104,425 Km
103,310 Km
109,810 Km
109,933 Km
107,751 Km
1394 m
881 m
1636 m
1670 m
1350 m
1350 m
0 Km/h
CASTELGUELFO
FIDENZA
P226
P228
PL
P222
P224
SEGNALE DI PROTEZIONE
Deviata
SEGNALE DI PARTENZA
Ore 7.36
Ore 7.30
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Interaction Analysis
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The SHEL Model
LIVE WARE COMMUNICATION HIERARCHIES DISTRIBUTION
OF WORK
ENVIRONMENT SOCIO-POLITICAL CULTURAL AND
ECONOMIC CONTEXT
HARD WARE INTERFACES EQUIPMENT LAYOUT
SOFT WARE PROCEDURES NORMS RULES
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH

• Any productive process is always defined by a
  specific combination of Hardware, Software and
  Liveware resources

• Both weakness and strength of a system are in
  the interaction among the components

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The SHEL Model
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH
APPLIED MODEL

• There is no exclusive combination of the three
  components to shape a specific process, different
  combinations can produce the same output.

• Each specific process can be performed following
  a set of possible paths in the
  tree-dimensional space.

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The SHEL Model
LIVE WARE
ENVIRONMENT
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH
HARD WARE
SOFT WARE
APPLIED MODEL
APPLIED MODEL
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The SHEL Model
LIVE WARE
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH
HARD WARE
SOFT WARE
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The SHEL Model
LIVE WARE
LIVE WARE
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH
HARD WARE
SOFT WARE
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The SHEL Model
LIVE WARE
LIVE WARE
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH
HARD WARE
SOFT WARE
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The L - H Interaction
LIVE WARE
LIVE WARE
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH
SOFT WARE
HARD WARE
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The S - L Interaction
LIVE WARE
LIVE WARE
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH
HARD WARE
SOFT WARE
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The L - L Interaction
LIVE WARE
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH
LIVE WARE
HARD WARE
SOFT WARE
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Unit of analysis
Artefacts
Outcome
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH

• Artefacts have been created and transformed
  during the development of the activity itself and
  carry with them a particular culture - a
  historical residue of that development

• The use of artefacts influences the nature not
  only of the external behaviour but also of the
  mental functioning of the individual

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Double nature of artefacts
1srt level artefact
Artefacts
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH
???? COSI 1 2 3 4
2nd level artefact
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Multilevel nature of artefacts
L
S
H
CULTURAL-HISTORICAL APPROACH
Outcome
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Hollands theory of CAS
Complex Adaptive System

• Concernig adaptive agents, rules and emergence

• Based on the following principles

APPLIED MODEL
Interdisciplinarity Computer-based thought
experiments Correspondence principle
(Bohr) Mathematical models
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Hollands 7 basics
Complex Adaptive System
4 Properties
3 Mechanisms
Aggregation Non linearity Flow Diversity
Tagging Internal models Building blocks
APPLIED MODEL
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Mapping the approaches
Are the 7 basics of CAS adequate to represent the
properties of complex system studied at the light
of cultural psychology?
ISSUES
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Inseparability of components
How is it possible to represent the different
interaction modality between first and second
level artefact?
ISSUES
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Double nature of artefacts
How is it possible to represent the creation of
second level artefacts, such as rules and
procedures?
ISSUES
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Historical roots of inseparability
If our planet would be destroyed and just
children would survive, maybe human kind would
not disappear but the story of humanity would
necessarily be interrupted (H.Pieron).
ISSUES